{"id":74367,"date":"2019-09-20T00:01:14","date_gmt":"2019-09-19T22:01:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/?p=74367"},"modified":"2025-09-15T19:30:38","modified_gmt":"2025-09-15T17:30:38","slug":"silla-roja-azul-gerrit-t-rietveld-borja-lopez-cotelo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/silla-roja-azul-gerrit-t-rietveld-borja-lopez-cotelo\/","title":{"rendered":"Silla roja y azul. Gerrit T. Rietveld | Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><figure id=\"attachment_74368\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-74368\" style=\"width: 1024px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-74368 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-o1.jpg\" alt=\"Gerrit T. Rietveld \" width=\"1024\" height=\"1023\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-o1.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-o1-120x120.jpg 120w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-o1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-o1-150x150.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-74368\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Gerrit T. Rietveld | Fuente: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.archsarp.pl\/7247\/gerrit-rietveld-stolarz-z-dusza-architekta\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">archsarp.pl<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En 1917 la cartograf\u00eda de la nueva Europa se dibujaba al ritmo de los ca\u00f1ones aliados. <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/gerrit-t-rietveld\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Gerrit T. Rietveld<\/strong><\/a>, ocupado en el trabajo cotidiano de su taller de muebles en Utrech, permanec\u00eda ajeno a esta realidad. \u00c9l prefer\u00eda dibujar los planos de una nueva silla.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/gerrit-t-rietveld\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Gerrit T. Rietveld<\/strong><\/a> trabajaba en el taller de su padre desde el a\u00f1o 1900. Con doce a\u00f1os hab\u00eda abandonado la escuela primaria y hab\u00eda comenzado su relaci\u00f3n con el dise\u00f1o de muebles. Los cursos nocturnos de dibujo en la Kunstindus-Trieel Onderwijs der Vereeniging y los posteriores estudios con <strong>P. J. C. Klaarhamer<\/strong> despertaron en <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/gerrit-t-rietveld\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Gerrit T. Rietveld<\/a>\u00a0<\/strong>el inter\u00e9s por la arquitectura y las artes aplicadas. La atm\u00f3sfera en Holanda durante esas primeras d\u00e9cadas del siglo XX estimulaba las nuevas b\u00fasquedas est\u00e9ticas, en un pa\u00eds cuyas vanguardias preconizaban el colapso de los antiguos modos de hacer basados en la inspiraci\u00f3n hist\u00f3rica y naturalista.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_74370\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-74370\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-74370 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-rietveld.jpg\" alt=\"Gerrit T. Rietveld | Fuente: http:\/\/contenporany.galeon.com\/album1339434.html\" width=\"1200\" height=\"915\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-rietveld.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-rietveld-300x229.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-rietveld-1024x781.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-74370\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Gerrit T. Rietveld | Fuente: <a href=\"http:\/\/contenporany.galeon.com\/album1339434.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">contenporany.galeon.com <\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Una silla no parec\u00eda encajar en este clima de catarsis art\u00edstica. <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Vilmos_Husz%C3%A1r\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Vilmos\u00a0Husz\u00e1r<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/nl.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Antony_Kok\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Antony\u00a0Kok<\/a><\/strong>, <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/johanes-jacobus-pieter-oud\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Johanes Jacobus Pieter Oud<\/strong><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/piet-mondrian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Piet Mondrian<\/strong><\/a> y <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/theo-van-doesburg\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Theo van Doesburg<\/strong><\/a> fundaron la revista <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/de-stijl\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>De Stijl<\/strong><\/a> en 1917 con la voluntad de encontrar nuevas v\u00edas de expresi\u00f3n adaptadas a su \u00e9poca. Su primer n\u00famero conten\u00eda el manifiesto neoplasticista \u2013era \u00e9poca de grandes manifiestos, en las artes y en la guerra- elogio del orden geom\u00e9trico, los colores puros y la integraci\u00f3n disciplinar. Ese mismo a\u00f1o, <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/gerrit-t-rietveld\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Gerrit T. Rietveld<\/strong><\/a> ultimaba su silla\u00a0<em>roja y azul<\/em>, que entonces a\u00fan no ten\u00eda color.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2018En el fondo, sentarse es una actividad sencilla\u2019,<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">escribi\u00f3 Gerrit T. Rietveld en 1930. Por eso le sorprend\u00eda\u00a0que \u2013a diferencia de otros objetos como la bicicleta o la cuchara, que parec\u00edan haber encontrado su forma \u00f3ptima- la silla no hubiese sido todav\u00eda resuelta de manera satisfactoria.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_74372\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-74372\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-74372\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-cubierta-primer-numero.jpg\" alt=\"Silla roja y azul. Gerrit T. Rietveld Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo cubierta-primer-numero\" width=\"750\" height=\"1006\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-cubierta-primer-numero.jpg 454w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-cubierta-primer-numero-224x300.jpg 224w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-74372\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Cubierta de primer n\u00famero<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u2018La silla no necesariamente debe ser una representaci\u00f3n de la idea de sentarse, sino que la silla es como si fuera la parte inferior de un hombre sentado, la prolongaci\u00f3n de una \u00e1gil espina dorsal; por eso su estructura no se ha resuelto tan f\u00e1cilmente\u2026en cada per\u00edodo esto\u00a0 se ha realizado de forma diferente. De esta manera surgi\u00f3 una enorme variedad de tipos de sillas\u2019.<sup>1\u00a0<\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As\u00ed que la silla<em>\u00a0roja y azul<\/em>\u00a0quiso ser la silla de su \u00e9poca, y \u2013deliberadamente o no- lo fue tambi\u00e9n de su lugar. Fue la silla del neoplasticismo, de la Holanda vanguardista del inicio del siglo XX. Su estricta configuraci\u00f3n geom\u00e9trica y su rigurosa jerarqu\u00eda crom\u00e1tica \u2013negro para el esqueleto, amarillo para los cantos de las piezas que lo componen, <em>rojo y azul<\/em> para las superficies de asiento y respaldo- hacen de la silla otro manifiesto neoplasticista, m\u00e1s elocuente que aquel publicado en el primer n\u00famero de De Stijl.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-74371 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-Destijl_anthologiebonset.jpg\" alt=\"Silla roja y azul. Gerrit T. Rietveld Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo Destijl_anthologiebonset\" width=\"1200\" height=\"941\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-Destijl_anthologiebonset.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-Destijl_anthologiebonset-300x235.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-Destijl_anthologiebonset-1024x803.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Gerrit T. Rietveld hab\u00eda concebido la silla sin color, y s\u00f3lo m\u00e1s tarde comenz\u00f3 a experimentar con este nuevo factor: los primeros intentos con blanco, gris y negro fueron m\u00e1s tarde \u2013debido en parte a la influencia de Piet Mondrian- sustituidos por los definitivos rojo y azul, inalterados desde 1918.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La silla se convirti\u00f3 entonces en el primer ensayo tridimensional de los postulados neoplasticistas, que hasta ese momento no se hab\u00edan emancipado de los lienzos de Piet Mondrian y sus compa\u00f1eros. El dise\u00f1o de la\u00a0<em>roja y azul<\/em>\u00a0respond\u00eda tambi\u00e9n a otra premisa: la facilidad de montaje y la posibilidad de producci\u00f3n en serie, evidenciando as\u00ed una voluntad de \u2018arte aplicada\u2019 que saciaba la originaria aspiraci\u00f3n del grupo de Leiden.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-74373 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-Silla-roja-y-azul.jpg\" alt=\"Silla roja y azul. Gerrit T. Rietveld Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo Silla roja y azul\" width=\"1200\" height=\"666\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-Silla-roja-y-azul.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-Silla-roja-y-azul-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/09\/Silla-roja-y-azul.-Gerrit-T.-Rietveld-Borja-L\u00f3pez-Cotelo-Silla-roja-y-azul-1024x568.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pero la silla\u00a0<em>roja y azul<\/em>\u00a0no es un c\u00f3modo asiento donde arrellanarse, pues el cuerpo humano \u2013a diferencia de ella &#8211; no est\u00e1 hecho de l\u00edneas rectas y planos secantes. Gerrit T. Rietveld nunca aspir\u00f3 a eso, sino a llevar el nuevo arte a un objeto cotidiano.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La silla<em>\u00a0roja y azul\u00a0<\/em>no se ampara en la ergonom\u00eda para justificarse. La fuerza motriz en el nacimiento este objeto parece haber sido en cambio el inconformismo, el hast\u00edo hacia lo\u00a0ya visto\u00a0que reconocemos en un acorde inaudito, en un trazo novedoso o en el <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/el-penalti-de-jorn-utzon-borja-lopez-cotelo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>penalti insolente<\/em><\/a> inventado por Panenka. Quiz\u00e1 porque Gerrit T. Rietveld la dibuj\u00f3 mirando hacia delante. Sin volver la cabeza.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Van meubelmaker tot architect\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/HdQvufBcyFY?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo. Doctor arquitecto<br \/>\nA Coru\u00f1a. agosto 2011<\/p>\n<p>Notas:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup>1\u00a0<\/sup><a href=\"https:\/\/amzn.to\/2zIxDPb\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RIETVELD, Gerrit Thomas en\u00a0Gerrit Th.\u00a0<em>Rietveld, 1888-1964<\/em>. Madrid, Ministerio de Obras P\u00fablicas, Transporte y Medio Ambiente (1996), p\u00e1g. 7<\/a><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>En 1917 la cartograf\u00eda de la nueva Europa se dibujaba al ritmo de los ca\u00f1ones aliados. Gerrit T. Rietveld, ocupado en el trabajo cotidiano de su taller de muebles en Utrech, permanec\u00eda ajeno a esta realidad. \u00c9l prefer\u00eda dibujar los planos de una nueva silla. Gerrit T. Rietveld trabajaba en el taller de su padre [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":74370,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3,1397,5951],"tags":[14231,2913,12449,155,158,3852,3032,424,1735,8505,4503,431,5777,668,1812,17493,7581,14229,4390,1278,2048,4654,1335,14230],"class_list":{"0":"post-74367","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-capturas","8":"category-diseno","9":"category-slider-principal","10":"tag-antony-kok","11":"tag-arquitectura-holandesa","12":"tag-arte","13":"tag-arte-contemporaneo","14":"tag-artes-plasticas","15":"tag-borja-lopez-cotelo","16":"tag-de-stijl","17":"tag-dibujo","18":"tag-disenador","19":"tag-disenador-industrial","20":"tag-diseno-de-mobiliario","21":"tag-diseno-industrial","22":"tag-gerrit-t-rietveld","23":"tag-historia","24":"tag-holanda","25":"tag-jacobus-johannes-pieter-oud","26":"tag-neoplasticismo","27":"tag-piet-klaarhamer","28":"tag-piet-mondrian","29":"tag-teoria","30":"tag-teoria-e-historia","31":"tag-theo-van-doesburg","32":"tag-vanguardia","33":"tag-vilmos-huszar"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Silla roja y azul. 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