{"id":65259,"date":"2017-08-28T00:05:04","date_gmt":"2017-08-27T22:05:04","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/?p=65259"},"modified":"2022-07-26T13:59:28","modified_gmt":"2022-07-26T11:59:28","slug":"oficio-del-consultor-estructuras-iii-juan-carlos-arroyo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/oficio-del-consultor-estructuras-iii-juan-carlos-arroyo\/","title":{"rendered":"[:es]El oficio del consultor de estructuras (III) | Juan Carlos Arroyo [:gl]O oficio do consultor de estruturas (III) | Juan Carlos Arroyo[:en]The trade of the structures consultant (III) | Juan Carlos Arroyo[:]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[:es]https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/oficio-del-consultor-estructuras-ii-juan-carlos-arroyo\/<\/p>\n<h4><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1nto pesa su edificio? <\/strong><\/h4>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65260\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65260\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-65260 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic.jpg\" alt=\"La torre Eiffel: la construcci\u00f3n de un coloso, febrero de 1888 | Fuente: National Geographic\" width=\"1200\" height=\"976\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic-1024x833.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65260\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">La torre Eiffel: la construcci\u00f3n de un coloso, febrero de 1888 | Fuente: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com.es\/historia\/grandes-reportajes\/torre-eiffel-construccion-coloso_11345\/4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Geographic<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Todos pensamos que nuestra profesi\u00f3n es de mucha responsabilidad. Los consultores de estructuras tambi\u00e9n\u2026 \u00a1c\u00f3mo no!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Los profesionales tenemos una responsabilidad sobre el resultado y por tanto debemos saber lo que tiene que dar, antes de hacer el trabajo. Tenemos que tener ese fusible alerta para que si sale algo raro, digamos \u00a1ojo!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00bfQu\u00e9 pasar\u00eda si tu consultor de estructuras confundiera los kilonewtons y las toneladas? \u00bfLe adjudicar\u00edas el proyecto de la estructura?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ya postul\u00e9 que el buen profesional, a mi juicio, se compone de tres ingredientes, record\u00e9moslo conceptos claros, orden de magnitud y conocimiento de la tecnolog\u00eda. Del primero, del concepto, ya hemos hablado <a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/oficio-del-consultor-estructuras-i-juan-carlos-arroyo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anteriormente<\/a>, por eso en esta ocasi\u00f3n nos centramos al segundo de ellos: el <em>orden de magnitud<\/em>.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00bfSe puede ser un buen profesional sin tener orden de magnitud? <\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ning\u00fan buen profesional puede serlo si no conoce todos los valores y coeficientes involucrados en su trabajo diario.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El agricultor de una finca de naranjas debe saber cu\u00e1nto cuesta un kilo de naranjas y cu\u00e1nto cuestan cien (\u00a1ojo recordemos que <a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/naranjas-se-entiende-juan-carlos-arroyo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">el precio suele ser una funci\u00f3n no lineal<\/a><u>!<\/u>) y cu\u00e1nto cuesta el transporte hasta el almac\u00e9n y cu\u00e1ndo es la mejor fecha de recogida y cu\u00e1ntas naranjas se recogen de un naranjo y los naranjos que caben en una hect\u00e1rea y qu\u00e9 es una hect\u00e1rea \u00bfOs imagin\u00e1is que un agricultor no sepa cu\u00e1ntos naranjos tiene o qu\u00e9 superficie de plantaci\u00f3n ocupa\u2026?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Y vosotros, arquitectos, ingenieros\u2026 \u00bften\u00e9is orden de magnitud?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En los tribunales de PFC mis alumnos saben que siempre caen estas preguntas:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; \u00bfD\u00edgame, Sr. Fern\u00e1ndez, cu\u00e1nto cuesta su edificio?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; \u00bfCu\u00e1ntos metros cuadrados tiene?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; \u00bfA qu\u00e9 precio est\u00e1 construyendo?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65265\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65265\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-65265 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller.jpg\" alt=\"Buckminster Fuller, uno de los protagonistas de este post, delante de una de sus c\u00fapulas geod\u00e9sicas\u00a0|\u00a0Fuente:\u00a0arquine\" width=\"1200\" height=\"793\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-1024x677.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-160x105.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65265\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Buckminster Fuller, uno de los protagonistas de este post, delante de una de sus c\u00fapulas geod\u00e9sicas\u00a0|\u00a0Fuente:\u00a0<a style=\"color: #999999;\" href=\"http:\/\/www.arquine.com\/buckminster-fuller\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">arquine<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Muchos de ellos \u00a1no lo saben! Bueno, son estudiantes&#8230; vosotros eso s\u00ed lo sab\u00e9is&#8230;O deber\u00edais \u00bfno? Vuestro trabajo y el nuestro es de una tremenda <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/%C2%BFcual-es-la-responsabilidad-del-arquitecto-stepienybarno\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">responsabilidad<\/a><\/strong> por tanto tendremos que tener en la cabeza todos los datos relevantes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Recordad que hay un efecto derivado de la autor\u00eda que es la <strong>responsabilidad<\/strong> de todo cuanto se firma. El autor debe conocer su obra como nadie, por lo menos hasta un cierto nivel de detalle, que el juez no le va a permitir que sea un nivel m\u00ednimo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Otra pregunta, que tambi\u00e9n uso mucho en los PFC, se la copi\u00e9 a D. <a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/tag\/richard-buckminster-fuller\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Richard Buckminster Fuller<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00bfDime, <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/el-arquitecto-actor-inigo-garcia-odiaga\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Norman<\/a>, cu\u00e1nto pesa tu edificio?&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65261\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65261\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-65261 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster.jpg\" alt=\"El oficio del consultor de estructuras (III) Juan Carlos Arroyo Norman Foster\" width=\"1200\" height=\"667\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster-1024x569.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65261\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Norman Foster<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a1Qu\u00e9 bien hubiera quedado Foster con su amigo Fuller! Pero no lo sab\u00eda, y la respuesta es bien f\u00e1cil, <strong>un edificio vac\u00edo pesa media tonelada por metro cuadrado y lleno, una tonelada<\/strong>. As\u00ed que\u2026 tantos metros cuadrados tantas toneladas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un autor tiene que saber cu\u00e1nto pesa su obra, un ingeniero de SEAT debe saber cu\u00e1nto pesa su coche, a un taxista no hace le falta, aunque seguro que lo sabe. Un arquitecto, el autor de un edificio, tiene que saberlo para decidir qu\u00e9 cimentaci\u00f3n necesita, para valorar la sostenibilidad de su construcci\u00f3n, para criticarlo si pesa mucho \u00a1por est\u00e9tica!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pero mejor, sigamos haciendo preguntas inc\u00f3modas. Todos sabemos lo que es un kilo, pero sabemos\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nmJsRvFovW8&amp;feature=push-u&amp;attr_tag=oc2eekSs2YaOxCuX-6\"><strong>\u00bfqu\u00e9 es un newton?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Si tu dedo fuera de acero, \u00bfcu\u00e1ntos coches podr\u00edas levantar? - Resistencia del acero\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nmJsRvFovW8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">No vale mirar en Wikipedia, ni hacer cuentas de <em>F=mg;<\/em> hay que saberlo como te sabes el nombre de tu hijo \u00a1sin pesta\u00f1ear! Un kilo sabemos lo que es, hemos nacido y crecido con kilos (en realidad decimos kilo y deber\u00edamos decir kilopondio, mil unidades de fuerza del sistema CGS), pero un <em>newton<\/em>&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Un newton son cien gramos<\/strong>, y para que no se nos olvide lo debemos asociar a algo conocido, cien gramos es la unidad de medida del charcutero, \u201cdame dos <em>newtons<\/em> de salchich\u00f3n\u201d es el nuevo \u201cdame doscientos gramos de salchich\u00f3n\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un alumno, un d\u00eda, me dio una respuesta mucho m\u00e1s po\u00e9tica:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Profe, un newton es una manzana (dibujo).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; \u00a1A tus pies!<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65262\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65262\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-65262 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks.jpg\" alt=\"En la charcuter\u00eda Newton el embutido se pide en newtons\u00a0|\u00a0Vi\u00f1eta de Ed Marks\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks-300x284.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks-1024x970.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65262\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">En la charcuter\u00eda Newton el embutido se pide en newtons\u00a0|\u00a0Vi\u00f1eta de Ed Marks<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Queda por aclarar otro asunto muy interesante relacionado con el <strong>orden de magnitud<\/strong>, que es la <strong>precisi\u00f3n<\/strong>. Eso ser\u00e1 en el pr\u00f3ximo post.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Y os dejo unas cuantas inquietantes preguntas para responder sobre vuestro actual o pr\u00f3ximo proyecto:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; \u00bfCu\u00e1ntas zapatas tiene su edificio?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0\u00bfY cu\u00e1ntos pilares?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0\u00bfQu\u00e9 longitud tiene? \u00bfNecesita juntas?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0\u00bfCu\u00e1nto cuesta el m2 de forjado?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0\u00bfCu\u00e1ntos kilos de acero\/m2?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0\u00bfPor qu\u00e9 eligi\u00f3 usted esa estructura?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0\u00bfHa hecho usted algo para paliar la flecha activa que fisur\u00f3 los tabiques?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0\u00bfHa hecho algo para garantizar la intraslacionalidad?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0\u00bfC\u00f3mo resiste los efectos horizontales de viento?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Si eres el autor de la estructura, debes saberlo, el juez as\u00ed lo va a considerar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Recuerda, no hay dinero para pagar un fallo estructural, al menos este humilde consultor de estructuras.<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"8OkjDRjvCb\"><p><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/oficio-consultor-estructuras-iv-juan-carlos-arroyo\/\">[:es]El oficio de consultor de estructuras (IV) | Juan Carlos Arroyo[:gl]O oficio do consultor de estruturas (IV) | Juan Carlos Arroyo[:en]The trade of the structures consultant (IV) | Juan Carlos Arroyo[:]<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" title=\"\u00ab[:es]El oficio de consultor de estructuras (IV) | Juan Carlos Arroyo[:gl]O oficio do consultor de estruturas (IV) | Juan Carlos Arroyo[:en]The trade of the structures consultant (IV) | Juan Carlos Arroyo[:]\u00bb \u2014 veredes\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/oficio-consultor-estructuras-iv-juan-carlos-arroyo\/embed\/#?secret=bMfOi5oSnN#?secret=8OkjDRjvCb\" data-secret=\"8OkjDRjvCb\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Juan Carlos Arroyo (<a href=\"http:\/\/ingenio.xyz\/?affcode=34166_czq4xlne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ingenio.xyz<\/a> y CALTER ingenier\u00eda) doctor ingeniero de caminos.<br \/>\nMadrid, Agosto\u00a02017<\/p>\n<p>[:gl]<strong>Canto pesa o seu edificio?<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65260\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65260\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-65260\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic-1024x833.jpg\" alt=\"La torre Eiffel: la construcci\u00f3n de un coloso, febrero de 1888 | Fuente: National Geographic\" width=\"640\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic-1024x833.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65260\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">A torre Eiffel: a construci\u00f3n dun coloso, febreiro de 1888 | Fonte: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com.es\/historia\/grandes-reportajes\/torre-eiffel-construccion-coloso_11345\/4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Geographic<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Todos pensamos que a nosa profesi\u00f3n \u00e9 de moita responsabilidade. Os consultores de estruturas tam\u00e9n&#8230; como non!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Os profesionais temos unha responsabilidade sobre o resultado e por tanto debemos saber o que ten que dar, antes de facer o traballo. Temos que ter ese fusible alerta para que se sae algo raro, digamos ollo!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Que pasar\u00eda se o teu consultor de estruturas confundise os kilonewtons e as toneladas? Adxudicar\u00edaslle o proxecto da estrutura?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Xa postulei que o bo profesional, ao meu xu\u00edzo, componse de tres ingredientes, record\u00e9moslo conceptos claros, orde de magnitude e co\u00f1ecemento da tecnolox\u00eda. Do primeiro, do concepto, xa falamos <a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/gl\/oficio-del-consultor-estructuras-i-juan-carlos-arroyo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">anteriormente<\/a>, por iso nesta ocasi\u00f3n centr\u00e1monos ao segundo deles: a <em>orde de magnitude.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>P\u00f3dese ser un bo profesional sen ter orde de magnitude? <\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ning\u00fan bo profesional pode selo se non co\u00f1ece todos os valores e coeficientes involucrados no seu traballo diario.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O agricultor dunha leira de laranxas debe saber canto custa un quilo de laranxas e canto custan cen (ollo lembremos que <a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/gl\/naranjas-se-entiende-juan-carlos-arroyo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">o prezo adoita ser unha funci\u00f3n non lineal!<\/a>) e canto custa o transporte ata o almac\u00e9n e cando \u00e9 a mellor data de recollida e cantas laranxas rec\u00f3llense dun naranjo e os naranjos que caben nunha hect\u00e1rea e que \u00e9 unha hect\u00e1rea Imaxin\u00e1desvos que un agricultor non saiba cantos naranjos ten ou que superficie de plantaci\u00f3n ocupa&#8230;?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">E v\u00f3s, arquitectos, enxe\u00f1eiros&#8230; tedes orde de magnitude?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nos tribunais de PFC os meus alumnos saben que sempre caen estas preguntas:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\">&#8211; D\u00edgame, Sr. Fern\u00e1ndez, canto costa o seu edificio?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\">&#8211; Cantos metros cadrados ten?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px; text-align: justify;\">&#8211; A que prezo est\u00e1 a constru\u00edr?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65265\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65265\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-65265\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-1024x677.jpg\" alt=\"Buckminster Fuller, uno de los protagonistas de este post, delante de una de sus c\u00fapulas geod\u00e9sicas\u00a0|\u00a0Fuente:\u00a0arquine\" width=\"640\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-1024x677.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-160x105.jpg 160w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65265\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Buckminster Fuller, un\u00a0dos protagonistas deste post, diante dunha das s\u00faas c\u00fapulas geod\u00e9sicas\u00a0|\u00a0Fonte:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.arquine.com\/buckminster-fuller\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">arquine<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Moitos deles non o saben! Bo, son estudantes&#8230; v\u00f3s iso si o sabedes&#8230;Ou deberiades non? O voso traballo e o noso \u00e9 dunha tremenda <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/gl\/%C2%BFcual-es-la-responsabilidad-del-arquitecto-stepienybarno\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">responsabilidade<\/a><\/strong> por tanto teremos que ter na cabeza todos os datos relevantes.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lembrade que hai un efecto derivado da autor\u00eda que \u00e9 a <strong>responsabilidade<\/strong> de todo canto se asina. O autor debe co\u00f1ecer a s\u00faa obra como ningu\u00e9n, polo menos ata un certo nivel de detalle, que o xu\u00edz non lle vai a permitir que sexa un nivel m\u00ednimo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Outra pregunta, que tam\u00e9n uso moito nos PFC, copieilla a D. <a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/gl\/tag\/richard-buckminster-fuller\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Richard Buckminster Fuller<\/a>:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dime, <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/gl\/el-arquitecto-actor-inigo-garcia-odiaga\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Norman<\/a>, canto pesa o teu edificio?&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65261\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65261\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-65261 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster-1024x569.jpg\" alt=\"El oficio del consultor de estructuras (III) Juan Carlos Arroyo Norman Foster\" width=\"640\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster-1024x569.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65261\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Norman Foster<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Que ben quedase Foster co seu amigo Fuller! Pero non o sab\u00eda, e a resposta \u00e9 ben f\u00e1cil, <strong>un edificio baleiro pesa media tonelada por metro cadrado e cheo, unha tonelada.<\/strong> As\u00ed que&#8230; tantos metros cadrados tantas toneladas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un autor ten que saber canto pesa a s\u00faa obra, un enxe\u00f1eiro de SEAT debe saber canto pesa o seu coche, a un taxista non fai f\u00e1ltalle, a\u00ednda que seguro que o sabe. Un arquitecto, o autor dun edificio, ten que sabelo para decidir que cimentaci\u00f3n necesita, para valorar a sustentabilidade da s\u00faa construci\u00f3n, para criticalo se pesa moito por est\u00e9tica!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pero mellor, sigamos facendo preguntas inc\u00f3modas. Todos sabemos o que \u00e9 un quilo, pero sabemos <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nmJsRvFovW8&amp;feature=push-u&amp;attr_tag=oc2eekSs2YaOxCuX-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>que \u00e9 un newton?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Si tu dedo fuera de acero, \u00bfcu\u00e1ntos coches podr\u00edas levantar? - Resistencia del acero\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nmJsRvFovW8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Non vale mirar en Wikipedia, nin facer contas de<em> F=mg<\/em>; hai que sabelo como te sabes o nome do teu fillo sen pesta\u00f1ear! Un quilo sabemos o que \u00e9, nacemos e crecemos con quilos (en realidade dicimos quilo e deberiamos dicir kilopondio, mil unidades de forza do sistema CGS), pero un <em>newton<\/em>&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Un newton son cen gramos<\/strong>, e para que non se nos esqueza deb\u00e9molo asociar a algo co\u00f1ecido, cen gramos \u00e9 a unidade de medida do charcutero, \u201cd\u00e1me dous <em>newtons<\/em> de salchich\u00f3n\u201d \u00e9 o novo \u201cd\u00e1me douscentos gramos de salchich\u00f3n\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un alumno, un d\u00eda, deume unha resposta moito m\u00e1is po\u00e9tica:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Profe, un newton \u00e9 unha maz\u00e1 (debuxo).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Aos teus p\u00e9s!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">\n<figure id=\"attachment_65262\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65262\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-65262\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks-1024x970.jpg\" alt=\"En la charcuter\u00eda Newton el embutido se pide en newtons\u00a0|\u00a0Vi\u00f1eta de Ed Marks\" width=\"640\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks-1024x970.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks-300x284.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65262\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Na charcuter\u00eda Newton o\u00a0embutido se p\u00eddese en newtons\u00a0|\u00a0Vi\u00f1eta de Ed Marks<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Queda por aclarar outro asunto moi interesante relacionado coa<strong> orde de magnitude<\/strong>, que \u00e9 a<strong> precisi\u00f3n<\/strong>. Iso ser\u00e1 no pr\u00f3ximo post.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">E d\u00e9ixovos unhas cantas inquietantes preguntas para responder sobre o voso actual ou pr\u00f3ximo proxecto:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Y os dejo unas cuantas inquietantes preguntas para responder sobre vuestro actual o pr\u00f3ximo proyecto:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Cantas zapatas ten o seu edificio?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; E cantos alicerces?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Que lonxitude ten? Necesita xuntas?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Canto custa o m2 de forxado?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Cantos quilos de aceiro\/m2?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Por que elixiu vostede esa estrutura?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Fixo vostede algo para paliar a frecha activa que fisur\u00f3 os tabiques?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Fixo algo para garantir a intraslacionalidad?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Como resiste os efectos horizontais de vento?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Se es o autor da estrutura, debes sabelo, o xu\u00edz as\u00ed o vai a considerar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lembra, non hai di\u00f1eiro para pagar un fallo estrutural, polo menos este humilde consultor de estruturas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Juan Carlos Arroyo (<a href=\"http:\/\/ingenio.xyz\/?affcode=34166_czq4xlne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ingenio.xyz<\/a>\u00a0e CALTER enxe\u00f1er\u00eda) doutor enxe\u00f1eiro de cami\u00f1os.<br \/>\nMadrid, Agosto\u00a02017<\/p>\n<p>[:en]<strong>Does how much weigh his building?<\/strong><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65260\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65260\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-65260\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic-1024x833.jpg\" alt=\"La torre Eiffel: la construcci\u00f3n de un coloso, febrero de 1888 | Fuente: National Geographic\" width=\"640\" height=\"521\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic-1024x833.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic-300x244.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-La-torre-Eiffel-la-construcci\u00f3n-de-un-coloso-febrero-de-1888-Fuente-National-Geographic.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65260\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">The Eiffel Tower: the construction of a Colossus, February, 1888 | Source: <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nationalgeographic.com.es\/historia\/grandes-reportajes\/torre-eiffel-construccion-coloso_11345\/4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Geographic<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">We all think that our profession is many responsibility. The consultants of structures also \u2026 why not!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The professionals we have a responsibility on the result and therefore we must know what has to give, before doing the work. We have to have this fusible alert in order that if it works out slightly rare, we say be careful!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">What would happen if your consultant of structures was confusing the kilonewtons and the tons? Would you award the project of the structure?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Already I postulated that the good professional, in my opinion, consists of three ingredients, record\u00e9moslo clear concepts, order of magnitude and knowledge of the technology. Of the first one, of the concept, already we have spoken <a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/en\/oficio-del-consultor-estructuras-i-juan-carlos-arroyo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">previously<\/a>, because of it in this occasion centre to the second one of them: <em>the order of magnitude<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Can you be\u00a0possible a good professional without having order of magnitude?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It there can be no good professional if it does not know all the values and coefficients involved in his daily work.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The farmer of an estate of oranges must know how much costs a kilo of oranges and how much they cost hundred (eye let&#8217;s remember that <a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/en\/naranjas-se-entiende-juan-carlos-arroyo\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the price is in the habit of being a not linear function!<\/a>) and how much costs the transport up to the store and when it is the best date of withdrawal and how many oranges are gathered from an orange tree and the orange trees that they fit in a hectare and what is a hectare do you imagine that a farmer does not know how many orange trees it has or what surface of plantation it occupies \u2026?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And you, architects, engineers \u2026 have you order of magnitude?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In PFC&#8217;s courts my pupils know that always they fall these questions:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0CanMr. Fernandez say to me, how much cost his building?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; How many square meters it has?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211;\u00a0What price is he constructing?<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65265\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65265\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-65265\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-1024x677.jpg\" alt=\"Buckminster Fuller, uno de los protagonistas de este post, delante de una de sus c\u00fapulas geod\u00e9sicas\u00a0|\u00a0Fuente:\u00a0arquine\" width=\"640\" height=\"423\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-1024x677.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-300x198.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller-160x105.jpg 160w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/08\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Buckminster-Fuller.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65265\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Buckminster Fuller, is the one of the protogonists of this post, in front of one his geodesic domes\u00a0| Source:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.arquine.com\/buckminster-fuller\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">arquine<\/a><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Many of them they do not know it! Well, they are students &#8230; you it yes know it&#8230; Or you should not? Your work and ours is of a tremendous <strong><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/en\/%C2%BFcual-es-la-responsabilidad-del-arquitecto-stepienybarno\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">responsibility<\/a><\/strong> therefore we will have to have in the head all the relevant information.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Remember that there is an effect derived from the authorship that is the <strong>responsibility<\/strong> of everything all that is signed. The author must know his work as nobody, at least up to a certain level of detail, that the judge is not going to allow him to be a minimal level.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Other one asks, that also I use very much in the PFC, I her copied Mister<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Say me, <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/en\/el-arquitecto-actor-inigo-garcia-odiaga\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Norman<\/a>,\u00a0 how much weigh your building?&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65261\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65261\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-65261 size-large\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster-1024x569.jpg\" alt=\"El oficio del consultor de estructuras (III) Juan Carlos Arroyo Norman Foster\" width=\"640\" height=\"356\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster-1024x569.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster-300x167.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-Norman-Foster.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65261\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Norman Foster<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">What good it had remained Foster with his friend Fuller! But it did not know it, and the response is easy well,<strong> an empty building weighs half a ton per square and full meter, a ton<\/strong>. So \u2026 so many square meters so many tons.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">An author has to know how much weighs his work, an engineer of SEAT must know how much weighs his car, does not make a taxi driver lacking him, though there is sure that it knows it. An architect, the author of a building, has to know it to decide what foundation he needs, to value the sustainability of his construction, to criticize it if it weighs very much for aesthetics!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">But better, we continue doing inconvinient questions. We all know what is a kilo, but we know <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=nmJsRvFovW8&amp;feature=push-u&amp;attr_tag=oc2eekSs2YaOxCuX-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>what is a newton?<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Si tu dedo fuera de acero, \u00bfcu\u00e1ntos coches podr\u00edas levantar? - Resistencia del acero\" width=\"696\" height=\"392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nmJsRvFovW8?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is worth neither looking in Wikipedia, nor doing accounts of <em>F=mg;<\/em> it is necessary to know it since you know the name of your son without winking! A kilo we know what is, have born and grown with kilos (actually we say kilo and we should say kilopondio, thousand units of force of the system CGS), but a <em>newton<\/em>&#8230;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>A newton they are hundred grams,<\/strong> and in order that one does not forget us we must associate it with something known, hundred grams it is the unit of measure of the charcutero, \u201cgive me two <em>newtons<\/em> of salami\u201d it is the new one \u201cgive me two hundred grams of salami\u201d.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A pupil, one day, gave to me a much more poetical response:<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Teacher, a newton is an apple (drawing).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify; padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; To your feet!<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_65262\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-65262\" style=\"width: 640px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-65262\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks-1024x970.jpg\" alt=\"En la charcuter\u00eda Newton el embutido se pide en newtons\u00a0|\u00a0Vi\u00f1eta de Ed Marks\" width=\"640\" height=\"606\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks-1024x970.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks-300x284.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/El-oficio-del-consultor-de-estructuras-III-Juan-Carlos-Arroyo-En-la-charcuter\u00eda-Newton-el-embutido-se-pide-en-newtons-Vi\u00f1eta-de-Ed-Marks.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-65262\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">In the deli the sausage itself asks for\u00a0Newton in newtons\u00a0| Ed Marks\u00b4s emblem<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It can only for clarifying another very interesting matter related to the <strong>order of magnitude<\/strong>, that it is the <strong>precision<\/strong>. It will be in the next post.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">And I leave a few worrying questions you to answer on your current or next project:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; How many shoes it has his building?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">-And how many props?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; What length has it? Does he need together?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; How much is m2 of forged?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; How many kilos of acero\/m2?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Why did you choose this structure?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Has it made something you to relieve the active arrow that fisur\u00f3 the partitions?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; Has it done something to guarantee the intraslacionalidad?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">&#8211; How does it resist the horizontal effects of wind?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If you are the author of the structure, you must know it, the judge like that is going to consider it.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">He remembers, there is no money to pay a structural failure, at least this humble consultant of structures.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Juan Carlos Arroyo (<a href=\"http:\/\/ingenio.xyz\/?affcode=34166_czq4xlne\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ingenio.xyz<\/a>\u00a0and CALTER engineering) doctor civil engineer.<br \/>\nMadrid, August 2017<\/p>\n<p>[:]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[:es]https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/oficio-del-consultor-estructuras-ii-juan-carlos-arroyo\/ \u00bfCu\u00e1nto pesa su edificio? Todos pensamos que nuestra profesi\u00f3n es de mucha responsabilidad. Los consultores de estructuras tambi\u00e9n\u2026 \u00a1c\u00f3mo no! Los profesionales tenemos una responsabilidad sobre el resultado y por tanto debemos saber lo que tiene que dar, antes de hacer el trabajo. Tenemos que tener ese fusible alerta para que si sale algo [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":56,"featured_media":65260,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5934,5951],"tags":[3444,458,12774,1576,531,535,12772,4285,2635,12945,12771,758,759,12339,4798,2422,12855,1103,7427,1865,1890,7295,12773,1241,12473],"class_list":["post-65259","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-articulos","category-slider-principal","tag-eduardo-torroja","tag-educacion","tag-enrique-gracian","tag-ensenanza","tag-estructura","tag-estudiante","tag-ingenio-xyz","tag-inigo-garcia-odiaga","tag-instituto-torroja","tag-jose-calavera-ruiz","tag-jose-luis-gonzalez-quiros","tag-joven-arquitecto","tag-joven-valor","tag-juan-carlos-arroyo","tag-modelo-profesional","tag-norman-foster","tag-peter-rice","tag-profesion","tag-profesor","tag-reflexion","tag-reflexion-multidisciplinar","tag-richard-buckminster-fuller","tag-richard-p-feynman","tag-sociedad","tag-stepienybarno"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - 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