{"id":53988,"date":"2015-03-20T06:51:27","date_gmt":"2015-03-20T06:51:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/?p=53988"},"modified":"2021-07-30T16:00:02","modified_gmt":"2021-07-30T14:00:02","slug":"el-espacio-de-la-ausencia-marcelo-gardinetti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/el-espacio-de-la-ausencia-marcelo-gardinetti\/","title":{"rendered":"<!--:es-->El espacio de la ausencia | Marcelo Gardinetti<!--:--><!--:gl-->O espazo da ausencia | Marcelo Gardinetti<!--:--><!--:en-->The space of the absence | Marcelo Gardinetti<!--:-->"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><!--:es--><figure id=\"attachment_53995\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-53995\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53995\" title=\"5 \u00a9SDL\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL-300x211.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-53995\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0de Daniel Libeskind \u00a9SDL<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La posici\u00f3n cr\u00edtica que adoptaron algunos arquitectos en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas del siglo XX para combatir el car\u00e1cter historicista de la arquitectura posmoderna, fue sustentada por un razonamiento te\u00f3rico complejo que se asist\u00eda de conceptos multidisciplinares surgidos del posestructuralismo, principalmente de los textos de Jacques Derrida.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Estas reflexiones arquitect\u00f3nicas indagan la definici\u00f3n del espacio f\u00edsico mediante un proceso que analiza las diferencias entre significado y significante, pero adem\u00e1s examina desde un punto de vista singular las ausencias de las estructuras presentes y los rastros presentes de las ausencias.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El\u00a0Jewish Museum Berlin de Daniel Libeskind es uno de los ejemplos m\u00e1s representativos de este proceso de pensamiento. Para Libeskind, la arquitectura es un arte comunicativo, un proceso narrativo que media con la producci\u00f3n material, y en este caso queda establecida mediante un intricado lenguaje formal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tanto en la envolvente como en su interior se esparcen indicios que revelan la importancia de la comunidad jud\u00eda en la historia de Berl\u00edn y fundamentalmente el horror del holocausto que la erradic\u00f3. El trazo distintivo resulta un espacio mudo, tensionado y monumental que hiende su presencia en el esp\u00edritu del museo y lo atraviesa en toda su longitud.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_54000\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-54000\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-54000\" title=\"2 \u00a9BitterBredt\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt-300x232.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-54000\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0de Daniel Libeskind \u00a9BitterBredt<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Haciendo referencia a la representaci\u00f3n de Libeskind, Eisenman se\u00f1ala la importancia del \u00edndice, remitiendo a los textos de Rosalin Krauss:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201cla idea de un lenguaje arquitect\u00f3nico se vuelve problem\u00e1tica cuando asume que cualquier contexto hist\u00f3rico es una entidad estable. Puesto que se supone que la representaci\u00f3n arquitect\u00f3nica constituye una relaci\u00f3n estable entre un signo y su objeto, la idea del \u00edndice en arquitectura intenta minar la idea de que su lenguaje es una presencia f\u00edsica decidible con una relaci\u00f3n univoca con un significado. Krauss ha sugerido que la importancia del \u00edndice contrarresta la presencia abrumadora de un objeto, en sentido de que se trata de un rastro de otro objeto, y no un signo o una representaci\u00f3n de la cosa en s\u00ed. As\u00ed, en arquitectura un \u00edndice trata de negar la presencia pura mediante la representaci\u00f3n de un estado de ausencia en la presencia.\u201d <sup>1<\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El proyecto del\u00a0Jewish Museum Berlin traza dos l\u00edneas de organizaci\u00f3n y relaci\u00f3n: una l\u00ednea recta que se rompe en numerosos fragmentos y una zigzagueante que puede continuar indefinidamente. Ambas se muestran como elementos que se separan y desligan entre s\u00ed, construyendo el espacio vac\u00edo y discontinuo que atraviesa el museo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Para dar entidad a este proceso, el dise\u00f1o reconoce varios aspectos estructurantes. El primero resulta al determinar que los vestigios f\u00edsicos no son la \u00fanica pauta a seguir en el desarrollo del proyecto. Libeskind construye una \u201cmatriz irracional\u201d mediante un sistema de tri\u00e1ngulos entrelazados que hacen referencia a una estrella comprimida y distorsionada. Entendiendo que ciertos escritores, compositores, artistas y poetas actuaban como nexo entre la tradici\u00f3n jud\u00eda y la historia alemana, traz\u00f3 sobre el plano de la ciudad l\u00edneas vinculantes entre los sitios donde vivieron diferentes personalidades, generando una \u201csingular constelaci\u00f3n de la historia urbana y cultural de la historia universal\u201d.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_54001\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-54001\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-54001\" title=\"Jussein Museum de Daniel Libeskind\u00a9Torsten Seidel\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel-235x300.jpg 235w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-54001\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0de Daniel Libeskind \u00a9Torsten Seidel<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Otros aspectos referenciales se basan en la obra inconclusa de Arnold Sch\u00f6nberg, Mois\u00e9s y Aar\u00f3n, que esboza la relaci\u00f3n entre la verdad revelada y la verdad transmitida oralmente, y en la obra de Walter Benjamin \u201cOne Way Street\u201d, representada a lo largo del zigzag.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El museo convive con un antiguo edificio barroco donde se encuentra el acceso a la nueva estructura. Una escalera conduce hacia un vac\u00edo creado debajo de los cimientos que permite encontrar sus tres rutas axiales. La m\u00e1s extensa conduce a una escalera denominada de la continuidad, que asciende atravesando los espacios de exposici\u00f3n hasta alcanzar el punto m\u00e1s alto del edificio. Este espacio simboliza la continuidad de la historia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un segundo eje conduce a un jard\u00edn sin salida donde se encuentra un cubo conformado por siete columnas de cada lado y un piso inclinado que hace tortuoso transitar el espacio, una sutil representaci\u00f3n del exilio como una prisi\u00f3n sin puertas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El tercero se compone de un \u00e1rea de exhibici\u00f3n que s\u00f3lo muestra en uno de sus lados una peque\u00f1a puerta de color negro. Esa puerta conduce a una habitaci\u00f3n oscura de 24 metros de altura, apenas iluminada por una rendija de luz que se filtra desde el exterior, denominada torre del holocausto.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_53998\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-53998\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53998\" title=\"8\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"927\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-53998\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0de Daniel Libeskind \u00a9Guenter Schneider<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El vac\u00edo que cruza en l\u00ednea recta toda la longitud del zigzag est\u00e1 atravesado en el segundo y tercer nivel por peque\u00f1os puentes que conectan diferentes salas. El recorrido presenta una serie de espacios a los que no se puede acceder, representaci\u00f3n espacial que acent\u00faa indicios y ausencias.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Por fuera, el nuevo museo iguala la altura del edificio existente, manteniendo los \u00e1rboles existentes en el sitio mediante h\u00e1biles estrategias de dise\u00f1o. La fachada est\u00e1 recubierta de acero y su color var\u00eda por efectos de la oxidaci\u00f3n. Cada abertura realizada en la piel responde a la matriz lineal que vincula las direcciones de personalidades jud\u00edas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Libeskind compone un alfabeto tridimensional para recordar a la comunidad ausente, mediante una secuencia que recorre los rasgos de la tradici\u00f3n, el dolor del exilio y el terror del holocausto. Las rajas externas que surcan el volumen desaf\u00edan la memoria colectiva, mediando una escenograf\u00eda que denuncia un momento aterrador de la historia de la humanidad.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Marcelo Gardinetti, arquitecto.<br \/>\nLa Plata, Argentina, marzo 2015<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nota:<br \/>\n<sup>1<\/sup> Eisenman, Peter. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/8425224101?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=8425224101&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Diez edificios can\u00f3nicos 1950-2000<\/a>. <\/em>Gustavo Gilli, 2011 pag. 232<\/p>\n<p><!--:--><!--:en--><figure id=\"attachment_53995\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-53995\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53995\" title=\"5 \u00a9SDL\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL-300x211.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-53995\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0by Daniel Libeskind \u00a9SDL<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The critical position that some architects adopted in the last decades of the 20th century to attack the historicist character of the postmodern architecture, was sustained by a theoretical complex reasoning that was represented of multidisciplinary concepts arisen from the posestructuralismo, principally from Jacques Derrida&#8217;s texts.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">These architectural reflections investigate the definition of the physical space by means of a process that analyzes the differences between meaning and significant, but in addition it examines from a singular point of view the absences of the present structures and the present tracks of the absences.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Daniel Libeskind&#8217;s\u00a0Jewish Museum Berlin is one of the most representative examples of this process of thought. For Libeskind, the architecture is a communicative art, a narrative process that happens with the material production, and in this case formal language remains established by means of an intricado.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Both in the surrounding one and in his interior there spread indications that reveal the importance of the Jewish community in the history of Berlin and fundamentally the horror of the holocaust that eradicated it. The distinctive outline turns out to be a mute, tensed and monumental space that splits his presence in the spirit of the museum and crosses it in all his length.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_54000\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-54000\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-54000\" title=\"2 \u00a9BitterBredt\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt-300x232.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-54000\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0by Daniel Libeskind \u00a9BitterBredt<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Referring to the representation of Libeskind, Eisenman it indicates the importance of the index, sending to Rosalin Krauss&#8217;s texts:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201cThe idea of an architectural language becomes problematic when it assumes that any historical context is a stable entity. Since it is supposed that the architectural representation constitutes a stable relation between a sign and his object, the idea of the index in architecture tries to mine the idea of that his language is a physical presence decidible with a univocal relation with a meaning. Krauss has suggested that the importance of the index offsets the overwhelming presence of an object, in sense of which it is a question of a track of another object, and not a sign or a representation of the thing in yes. This way, in architecture an index tries to deny the pure presence by means of the representation of a condition of absence in the presence.\u201d <sup>1<\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The project of the\u00a0Jewish Museum Berlin plans two lines of organization and relation: a straight line that breaks in numerous fragments and a zigzagueante that can continue indefinitely. Both appear as elements that they separate and untie between yes, constructing the empty and discontinuous space that crosses the museum.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">To give entity to this process, the design recognizes several structuring aspects. The first one proves on having determined that the physical vestiges are not the only guideline to continuing in the development of the project. Libeskind constructs a \u201cirrational counterfoil\u201d by means of a system of interlaced triangles that refer to a compressed and distorted star. Understanding that certain writers, composers, artists and poets were acting as link between the Jewish tradition and the German history, it planned on the plane of the city binding lines between the sites where different personalities lived, generating a \u201csingular constellation of the urban and cultural history of the universal history\u201d.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_54001\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-54001\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-54001\" title=\"Jussein Museum de Daniel Libeskind\u00a9Torsten Seidel\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel-235x300.jpg 235w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-54001\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0by Daniel Libeskind \u00a9Torsten Seidel<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Other referential aspects base on the incomplete work of Arnold Sch\u00f6nberg, Moses and Aar\u00f3n, who outlines the relation between the revealed truth and the truth transmitted orally, and on Walter Benjamin&#8217;s work\u00a0\u201cOne Way Street\u201d, represented along the zigzag.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The museum coexists with a former baroque building where one finds the access to the new structure. A stairs drives towards an emptiness created under the foundations that allows to find his three axial routes. The most extensive drives to a stairs called of the continuity, which ascends crossing the spaces of exhibition up to reaching the highest point of the building. This space symbolizes the continuity of the history.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The second axis drives to a garden without exit where one finds a bucket shaped by seven columns of every side and a sloping floor that it makes tortuous travel the space, a subtle representation of the exile as a prison without doors.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The third party consists of an area of exhibition that only shows in one of his sides a small door of black color. This door drives to a dark room of 24 meters of height, scarcely illuminated by a split of light that filters from the exterior, tower called of the holocaust.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_53998\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-53998\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53998\" title=\"8\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"927\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-53998\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0by Daniel Libeskind \u00a9Guenter Schneider<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The emptiness that crosses on line straight line the whole length of the zigzag is crossed in the second and third level by small bridges that connect different rooms. The tour presents a series of spaces to which it is not possible to accede, spatial representation that accentuates indications and absences.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Externally, the new museum equalizes the height of the existing building, supporting the existing trees in the site by means of skilful strategies of design. The front is covered with steel and his color changes for effects of the oxidation. Every opening realized in the skin answers to the linear counterfoil that links the directions of Jewish personalities.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The third party consists of an area of exhibition that only shows in one of his sides a small door of black color. This door drives to a dark room of 24 meters of height, scarcely illuminated by a split of light that filters from the exterior, tower called of the holocaust.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Marcelo Gardinetti, architect.<\/p>\n<p>La Plata, Argentina, march 2015<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nota:<\/p>\n<p><sup>1<\/sup> Eisenman, Peter. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/8425224101?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=8425224101&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ten canonical buildings 1950-2000<\/a>. <\/em>Gustavo Gilli, 2011 pag. 232<\/p>\n<p><!--:--><!--:gl--><figure id=\"attachment_53995\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-53995\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53995\" title=\"5 \u00a9SDL\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"437\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/5-\u00a9SDL-300x211.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-53995\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0de Daniel Libeskind \u00a9SDL<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A posici\u00f3n cr\u00edtica que adoptaron alg\u00fans arquitectos nas \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas do s\u00e9culo XX para combater o car\u00e1cter historicista da arquitectura posmoderna, foi sustentada por un razoamento te\u00f3rico complexo que se asist\u00eda de conceptos multidisciplinares xurdidos do postestruturalismo, principalmente dos textos de Jacques Derrida.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Estas reflexi\u00f3ns arquitect\u00f3nicas indagan a definici\u00f3n do espazo f\u00edsico mediante un proceso que analiza as diferenzas entre significado e significante, pero ademais examina dende un punto de vista singular as ausencias das estruturas presentes e os rastros presentes das ausencias.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O\u00a0Jewish Museum Berlin de Daniel Libeskind \u00e9 un dos exemplos m\u00e1is representativos deste proceso de pensamento. Para Libeskind, a arquitectura \u00e9 unha arte comunicativa, un proceso narrativo, que media coa produci\u00f3n material, e neste caso queda establecida mediante un intricado linguaxe formal.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tanto na envolvente coma no seu interior espar\u00e9xense indicios que revelan a importancia da comunidade xud\u00eda na historia de Berl\u00edn e fundamentalmente o horror do holocausto que a erradicou. O trazo distintivo resulta un espazo mudo, tensionado e monumental que fende a s\u00faa presenza no esp\u00edrito do museo e o atravesa en toda a s\u00faa lonxitude.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_54000\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-54000\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-54000\" title=\"2 \u00a9BitterBredt\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"481\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/2-\u00a9BitterBredt-300x232.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-54000\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0de Daniel Libeskind \u00a9BitterBredt<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Facendo referencia \u00e1 representaci\u00f3n de Libeskind, Eisenman sinala a importancia do \u00edndice, remitindo aos textos de Rosalin Krauss:<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201ca idea dunha linguaxe arquitect\u00f3nica v\u00f3lvese problem\u00e1tica cando asume que calquera contexto hist\u00f3rico \u00e9 unha entidade estable. Posto que se sup\u00f3n que a representaci\u00f3n arquitect\u00f3nica constit\u00fae unha relaci\u00f3n estable entre un signo e o seu obxecto, a idea do \u00edndice en arquitectura intenta minar a idea de que a s\u00faa linguaxe \u00e9 unha presenza f\u00edsica decidible cunha relaci\u00f3n univoca cun significado. Krauss suxeriu que a importancia do \u00edndice contrarresta a presenza abafadora dun obxecto, en sentido de que se trata dun rastro doutro obxecto, e non un signo ou unha representaci\u00f3n da cousa en si. As\u00ed, en arquitectura un \u00edndice trata de negar a presenza pura mediante a representaci\u00f3n dun estado de ausencia na presenza.\u201d <sup>1<\/sup><\/em><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O proxecto do\u00a0Jewish Museum Berlin traza d\u00faas li\u00f1as de organizaci\u00f3n e relaci\u00f3n: unha li\u00f1a recta que rompe en numerosos fragmentos e unha zigzagueante que pode continuar indefinidamente. Ambas as d\u00faas m\u00f3stranse como elementos que se separan e desligan entre si, constru\u00edndo o espazo baleiro e discontinuo que atravesa o museo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Para dar entidade a este proceso, o dese\u00f1o reco\u00f1ece varios aspectos estructurantes. O primeiro resulta ao determinar que os vestixios f\u00edsicos non son a \u00fanica pauta a seguir no desenvolvemento do proxecto. Libeskind constr\u00fae unha \u201cmatriz irracional\u201d mediante un sistema de tri\u00e1ngulos entrelazados que fan referencia a unha estrela comprimida e distorsionada. Entendendo que certos escritores, compositores, artistas e poetas actuaban como nexo entre a tradici\u00f3n xud\u00eda e a historia alem\u00e1, trazou sobre o plano da cidade li\u00f1as vinculantes entre os sitios onde viviron diferentes personalidades, xerando unha \u201csingular constelaci\u00f3n da historia urbana e cultural da historia universal\u201d.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_54001\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-54001\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-54001\" title=\"Jussein Museum de Daniel Libeskind\u00a9Torsten Seidel\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"791\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/Jussein-Museum-de-Daniel-Libeskind\u00a9Torsten-Seidel-235x300.jpg 235w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-54001\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0de Daniel Libeskind \u00a9Torsten Seidel<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Outros aspectos referenciais bas\u00e9anse na obra inconclusa de Arnold Sch\u00f6nberg, Mois\u00e9s e Aar\u00f3n, que esboza a relaci\u00f3n entre a verdade revelada e a verdade transmitida oralmente, e na obra de Walter Benjamin\u00a0\u201cOne Way Street\u201d, representada ao longo do zigzag.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O museo convive cun antigo edificio barroco onde se encontra o acceso \u00e1 nova estrutura. Unha escaleira conduce cara a un baleiro creado debaixo dos alicerces que permite encontrar as s\u00faas tres rutas axiais. A m\u00e1is extensa conduce a unha escaleira denominada da continuidade, que ascende atravesando os espazos de exposici\u00f3n ata alcanzar o punto m\u00e1is alto do edificio. Este espazo simboliza a continuidade da historia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un segundo eixe conduce a un xard\u00edn sen sa\u00edda onde se encontra un cubo conformado por sete columnas de cada lado e un piso inclinado que fai tortuoso transitar o espazo, unha sutil representaci\u00f3n do exilio como unha prisi\u00f3n sen portas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O terceiro componse dunha \u00e1rea de exhibici\u00f3n que s\u00f3 mostra nun dos seus lados unha pequena porta de cor negra. Esa porta conduce a un cuarto escuro de 24 metros de altura, apenas iluminada por unha fenda de luz que se filtra dende o exterior, denominada torre do holocausto.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_53998\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-53998\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-53998\" title=\"8\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"927\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/03\/8-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-53998\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Jewish Museum Berlin\u00a0Berlin\u00a0de Daniel Libeskind \u00a9Guenter Schneider<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O baleiro que cruza en li\u00f1a recta toda a lonxitude do zigzag est\u00e1 atravesado no segundo e terceiro nivel por pequenas pontes que conectan diferentes salas. O percorrido presenta unha serie de espazos aos que non se pode acceder, representaci\u00f3n espacial que acent\u00faa indicios e ausencias.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Por f\u00f3ra, o novo museo iguala a altura do edificio existente, mantendo as \u00e1rbores existentes no sitio mediante h\u00e1biles estratexias de dese\u00f1o. A fachada est\u00e1 recuberta de aceiro e a s\u00faa cor var\u00eda por efectos da oxidaci\u00f3n. Cada abertura realizada na pel responde \u00e1 matriz lineal que vincula as direcci\u00f3ns de personalidades xud\u00edas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Libeskind comp\u00f3n un alfabeto tridimensional para recordar a comunidade ausente, mediante unha secuencia que percorre os trazos da tradici\u00f3n, a dor do exilio e o terror do holocausto. As rega\u00f1as externas que sucan o volume desaf\u00edan a memoria colectiva, mediando unha escenograf\u00eda que denuncia un momento aterrador da historia da humanidade.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Marcelo Gardinetti, arquitecto.<\/p>\n<p>La Plata, Argentina, marzo 2015<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nota:<\/p>\n<p><sup>1<\/sup> Eisenman, Peter. <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/8425224101?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=8425224101&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dez edificios can\u00f3nicos 1950-2000<\/a>. <\/em>Gustavo Gilli, 2011 pax. 232<!--:--><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La posici\u00f3n cr\u00edtica que adoptaron algunos arquitectos en las \u00faltimas d\u00e9cadas del siglo XX para combatir el car\u00e1cter historicista de la arquitectura posmoderna, fue sustentada por un razonamiento te\u00f3rico complejo que se asist\u00eda de conceptos multidisciplinares surgidos del posestructuralismo, principalmente de los textos de Jacques Derrida. Estas reflexiones arquitect\u00f3nicas indagan la definici\u00f3n del espacio f\u00edsico [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":53995,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[568,5951],"tags":[11749,393,8968,668,3353,789,4985,1021,1651,11748,4444,1278,2048],"class_list":["post-53988","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-faro","category-slider-principal","tag-arnold-schonberg","tag-critica","tag-daniel-libeskind","tag-historia","tag-jacques-derrida","tag-lenguaje","tag-marcelo-gardinetti","tag-pensamiento","tag-peter-eisenman","tag-rosalin-krauss","tag-s-xx","tag-teoria","tag-teoria-e-historia"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>El espacio de la ausencia | Marcelo Gardinetti<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" 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