{"id":50070,"date":"2015-02-06T06:12:15","date_gmt":"2015-02-06T06:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/?p=50070"},"modified":"2023-02-27T19:10:01","modified_gmt":"2023-02-27T18:10:01","slug":"la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/","title":{"rendered":"[:es]La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte  [:gl]A arquitectura software. As ficci\u00f3ns visuais de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte  [:en]The architecture software. Reyner Banham&#8217;s visual fictions | Ignacio los grava &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte [:]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[:es]<figure id=\"attachment_50071\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50071\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-50071\" title=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte | Barbarella, de R. Vadim.\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\" alt=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte | Barbarella, de R. Vadim.\" width=\"750\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1-300x218.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50071\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte | <em>Barbarella<\/em>, de R. Vadim.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En 1968 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/0226036987?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=0226036987&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reyner Banham<\/a> escribi\u00f3 <em>The Triumph of Software<\/em><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><em>,<\/em> un art\u00edculo que anticipar\u00eda una nueva manera de entender el mundo y que afectar\u00eda de manera especialmente sutil a la arquitectura. Su discurso se apoy\u00f3 principalmente en dos pel\u00edculas que se estrenaron ese mismo a\u00f1o y que le permitieron ilustrar sus tesis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0053C9K10?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0053C9K10&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>2001: una odisea del espacio<\/em><\/a>, de S. Kubrik y<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B007Q1GKNC?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B007Q1GKNC&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em> Barbarella<\/em><\/a>, de R. Vadim, ambas del g\u00e9nero de ciencia-ficci\u00f3n, arrojaban lecturas muy distintas sobre la tecnolog\u00eda espacial. La pel\u00edcula de Kubrik, estaba basada en <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0092FP220?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0092FP220&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>El centinela<\/em><\/a>, un cuento de Arthur C. Clark de 1948, mientras que la de Vadim, ten\u00eda su origen en un <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/1594650926?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=1594650926&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">c\u00f3mic<\/a> del mismo nombre creado por <a href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Claude_Forest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jean-Claude Forest<\/a> en 1962. Una vez m\u00e1s, se iban a infiltrar a trav\u00e9s de las pantallas indicios de actitudes que, sustentados por un potent\u00edsimo lenguaje visual, \u00a0pretend\u00edan imaginar el futuro.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En 1957, la confianza en el progreso y en los avances cient\u00edficos se materializaba con el lanzamiento al espacio del Sputnik, el primer sat\u00e9lite artificial, y se escenificaba con\u00a0 la Exposici\u00f3n Universal de Bruselas de 1958 bajo el lema \u201c<em>por un mundo m\u00e1s\u00a0 humano<\/em>\u201d. Una d\u00e9cada despu\u00e9s, este entusiasmo empieza a dar signos de agotamiento. En 1970 Roszak publica <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/8472450465?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=8472450465&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>El nacimiento de una contracultura<\/em><\/a>, que recoge una nueva sensibilidad y argumenta las inquietudes de \u00a0una incipiente y descontenta juventud <em>hippie<\/em>, que daba la espalda al mundo prometido por la ciencia, y se alejaba de las promesas de la modernidad para emprender un nuevo retorno a la Tierra. En ese momento, el desencanto por el futuro era ya manifiesto. Sin embargo, en este contexto, la visi\u00f3n de Banham permanece todav\u00eda optimista y las cuestiones tecnol\u00f3gicas y espaciales mantienen a\u00fan un car\u00e1cter fundamental en la evoluci\u00f3n de la arquitectura y la sociedad.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50075\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50075\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-50075\" title=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte Secuencias de 2001, una odisea del espacio. Interior de la nave espacial.\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg\" alt=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte | Secuencias de 2001, una odisea del espacio. Interior de la nave espacial.\" width=\"750\" height=\"202\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001-300x80.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50075\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Secuencias de <em>2001, una odisea del espacio<\/em>. Interior de la nave espacial.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong> 2001, una odisea del espacio <\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pero volvamos a las dos pel\u00edculas. Esas dos ficciones f\u00edlmicas sobre la deriva humana, presentaban dos versiones muy distintas sobre el futuro. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0053C9K10?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0053C9K10&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>2001, una odisea del espacio <\/em><\/a>representaba, con una precisi\u00f3n sin precedentes, la evoluci\u00f3n de un universo mec\u00e1nico. La nave espacial, geom\u00e9tricamente definida, estaba constituida por una serie de piezas met\u00e1licas ensambladas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Era una sublimaci\u00f3n de la producci\u00f3n en serie, del montaje, de lo articulado y del acoplamiento perfecto de diversas planchas modulables. Y esta perfecci\u00f3n estaba transmitida por la rigidez, lo met\u00e1lico y lo uniforme. Los espacios se pod\u00edan descomponer en planos euclidianos. Y todo ello estaba realzado por la adopci\u00f3n de encuadres herederos del <em>Quattrocento <\/em>italiano, con posiciones del punto de vista centrales, sim\u00e9tricos, m\u00e1s propios de un universo divino, en la que desaparec\u00eda la posici\u00f3n subjetiva y humana en favor del objeto.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Del mismo modo, los tripulantes de la nave eran portadores de equipos espaciales que creaban una piel superpuesta, ajustados mec\u00e1nicamente a las necesidades t\u00e9rmicas y tecnol\u00f3gicas necesarias. Un conjunto de mecanismos y conexiones conformaban una segunda silueta artificial que no dejaba entrever las peculiaridades de un cuerpo humano recubierto.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50076\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50076\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-50076\" title=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte Secuencias de Barbarella. Interior de la nave espacial\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg\" alt=\"Secuencias de Barbarella. Interior de la nave espacial\" width=\"750\" height=\"214\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella-300x85.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50076\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Secuencias de <em>Barbarella<\/em>. Interior de la nave espacial<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong>Barbarella<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Barbarella<\/em>, sin embargo, adoptaba una posici\u00f3n bien distinta. Presentaba una nave espacial forrada de piel, en la que se hab\u00eda perdido la cuesti\u00f3n mec\u00e1nica y los interiores estaban definidos por una piel continua, flexible y adaptable a una geometr\u00eda difusa. Para subrayar este efecto, la tripulante, una jovenc\u00edsima Jane Fonda, presenta por primera vez un ajustado vestido de pl\u00e1stico (una inspiraci\u00f3n que ser\u00eda desarrollada por Pierre Cardin en el mundo de la moda).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50077\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50077\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-50077\" title=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte. Pierre Cardin. Colecci\u00f3n invierno 1968\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg\" alt=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte Pierre Cardin. Colecci\u00f3n invierno 1968\" width=\"750\" height=\"517\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin-300x206.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50077\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte | Pierre Cardin. Colecci\u00f3n invierno 1968<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong>Reyner Banham, un visionario<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Es en estos detalles donde Banham intuye una nueva sensibilidad, proponiendo una dial\u00e9ctica entre el mundo <em>hardware<\/em>, ilustrado por <em>2001<\/em> y el mundo <em>software<\/em>, expresado por <em>Barbarella<\/em>. Esta \u00faltima introduce el concepto \u201csoft\u201d, una nueva manera suave, personalizada, no estandarizada; una manera <em>blanda<\/em> de concebir los elementos constructivos, en que se muestran lo \u201c<em>flexible, continuo y adaptable<\/em>\u201d como configuradores de un nuevo ambiente sensible. Se inicia as\u00ed una puesta en valor del pl\u00e1stico como material que ser\u00e1 capaz de dar forma polim\u00e9rica a las nuevas aspiraciones de finales de los sesenta.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Es all\u00ed donde aparece el Banham visionario, que detecta este cambio de actitud, un cambio que afectar\u00e1 a la misma arquitectura, convirtiendo <em>Barbarella<\/em> en una pieza de culto. Por un lado, se nos presenta la <em>m\u00e1quina de habitar<\/em>, significada por una serie de mecanismos necesarios para el acondicionamiento del edificio. Es f\u00e1cil imaginar el Centro Pompidou como paradigma de esta visi\u00f3n. Por contra, el modo \u201csoftware\u201d, estar\u00eda m\u00e1s relacionado con la <em>m\u00e1quina suave<\/em>, con procesos metab\u00f3licos e interactivos, en esta ocasi\u00f3n representada por la arquitectura pop y muy especialmente por el grupo Archigram. Se pone de manifiesto la importancia de la piel como elemento regulador y transpirador que permite reaccionar y establecer un control del espacio seg\u00fan las interacciones del exterior. En este marco, el autor establece una relaci\u00f3n entre la piel natural y la membrana artificial.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Banham, a su vez, sue\u00f1a con la posibilidad de un material cultivable, org\u00e1nico, que pudiera ir creciendo con el edificio e ir dando respuestas abiertas, con la posibilidad de una <em>manipulaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica<\/em> de los nuevos materiales (pieles, musgo, polvo, etc.)<sup><em>2<\/em><\/sup><em style=\"text-align: justify;\">. <\/em>Del mismo modo, propone una arquitectura cercana al objeto de consumo, caducable y desechable. Y todo ello, programado para reaccionar a est\u00edmulos, para improvisar respuestas, para salirse de un camino lineal hacia la muerte.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50078\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50078\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-50078\" title=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia Di Monte | Barbarella. C\u00e1psula pl\u00e1stica\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg\" alt=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia Di Monte C\u00e1psula pl\u00e1stica \" width=\"750\" height=\"325\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2-300x130.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50078\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"> La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia Di Monte | <em>Barbarella<\/em>. C\u00e1psula pl\u00e1stica<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h5><strong>Reyner Banham, referencias tecnol\u00f3gicas<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La arquitectura promovida por Banham busca las referencias tecnol\u00f3gicas de la c\u00e1psula espacial, de los incipientes ordenadores, de los elementos fundadores de la <em>era at\u00f3mico electr\u00f3nica<\/em>, conformando lo que \u00e9l mismo llam\u00f3 <em>\u201cla historia de un futuro inmediato\u201d<\/em>. La apolog\u00eda de una membrana pl\u00e1stica adaptable ya la hab\u00eda ensayado tres a\u00f1os antes en el texto <em>\u201cA Home is not a House\u201d<\/em>, en el que presenta el<em> Environmental Bubble<\/em>, una burbuja de pl\u00e1stico habitable. La arquitectura pop, desarrollada durante esos a\u00f1os fundamentalmente por los <a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/?s=Archigram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Archigram<\/a>, avanzaba en ese sentido hasta su disoluci\u00f3n en 1974. A partir de entonces estas propuestas ut\u00f3picas se disolver\u00edan en el tiempo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A\u00f1os despu\u00e9s, el sue\u00f1o metab\u00f3lico ser\u00eda sustituido por la programaci\u00f3n digital. La paulatina desaparici\u00f3n de las infraestructuras f\u00edsicas ser\u00eda sustituida paulatinamente por una nueva piel formada por c\u00f3digos y datos. El mismo planeta, se cubrir\u00eda con una red de sat\u00e9lites flotantes y redes de fibra&#8230; El mundo, aunque en otro sentido, ser\u00eda definitivamente software.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte. Arquitectos (estonoesunsolar)<br \/>\nZaragoza-Venezia-Foggia. febrero 2015.<\/p>\n<h5 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Notas:<\/strong><\/h5>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup> Publicado originalmente en la revista <em>New Society<\/em> en 1968. Posteriormente fue recogido en el libro <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Design-Choice-Reyner-Banham\/dp\/0847803848\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Design by choice<\/a>, <\/em>publicado en 1981.<br \/>\n<sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup> Las cuestiones relativas a los nuevos materiales ecol\u00f3gicos han sido estudiadas por <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/0470746629?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=0470746629&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lydia Kallipoliti<\/a> en <em>The Soft Cosmos of AD\u2019s \u2018Cosmorama\u2019 in the 1960s and 1970s.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[:en]<figure id=\"attachment_50071\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50071\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50071\" title=\"imagen1_barbarella1\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1-300x218.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50071\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em>Barbarella<\/em>, by R. Vadim.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>The architecture software.<\/p>\n<p>Reyner Banham&#8217;s visual fictions.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In 1968\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/0226036987?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=0226036987&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reyner Banham<\/a> wrote\u00a0<em>The Triumph of Software<\/em><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><em>,<\/em> one article that would anticipate a new way of understanding the world and that it would affect in a specially subtle way to the architecture. His speech rested principally on two movies that had the premiere the same year and that allowed him to illustrate his theses.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0053C9K10?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0053C9K10&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>2001, a space odyssey<\/em><\/a>, by S. Kubrik and\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B007Q1GKNC?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B007Q1GKNC&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em> Barbarella<\/em><\/a>, by R. Vadim, both of the kind of science &#8211; fiction, was throwing very different readings on the spatial technology. Kubrik&#8217;s movie, it was based on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0092FP220?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0092FP220&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>The sentinel<\/em><\/a>, Arthur C. Clark&#8217;s story of 1948, whereas that of Vadim, it had his origin in a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/1594650926?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=1594650926&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">comic<\/a> of the same name created by\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Claude_Forest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jean-Claude Forest<\/a> in 1962. Once again, they were going to infiltrate across the screens indications of attitudes that, sustained by the most powerful visual language, they were trying to imagine the future.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In 1957, the confidence in the progress and in the scientific advances was materializing with the launch to the space of the Satellite, the first artificial satellite, and escenificaba with the Universal Exhibition of Brussels of 1958 under the motto <em>\u201c<em><\/em>for a more human world\u201d<\/em>. A decade later, this enthusiasm starts giving signs of depletion. In 1970 Roszak publishes <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/8472450465?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=8472450465&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>The birth of a counterculture<\/em><\/a>, which gathers a new sensibility and argues the worries of an incipient and discontented youth <em>hippie<\/em>, that was giving the back to the world promised by the science, and was moving away from the promises of the modernity to undertake a new return to the Earth. In this moment, the disenchantment for the future was already manifest. Nevertheless, in this context, Banham&#8217;s vision remains still optimistic and the technological and spatial questions support still a fundamental character in the evolution of the architecture and the company.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50075\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50075\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50075\" title=\"imagen2_odisea-2001\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"167\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001-300x80.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50075\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em><span style=\"color: #888888;\">2001, a space odyssey<\/span><\/em>&#8216;<span style=\"color: #888888;\">s sequences. Interior of the spaceship.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">But let&#8217;s return to both movies. These two movie fictions on the human drift, they were presenting two very different versions on the future. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0053C9K10?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0053C9K10&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>2001, a space odyssey<\/em><\/a> was representing, with a precision without precedents, the evolution of a mechanical universe. The spatial, geometrically definite ship, it was constituted by a series of metallic assembled pieces. It was a sublimation of the production in series, of the assembly, of the articulated thing and of the perfect coupling of diverse variable plates. And this perfection was transmitted by the inflexibility, the metallic thing and the uniform thing. The spaces could decompose in Euclidean planes. And all this was heightened by the adoption of settings inheritors of the Italian <em>Quattrocento<\/em>, with central positions of the point of view, symmetrical, more own of a divine universe, in that it was eliminating the subjective and human position in favor of the object. In the same way, the crew members of the ship were carriers of spatial equipments that were creating a superposed skin, fitted mechanically to the thermal and technological necessary needs. A set of mechanisms and connections were shaping the second artificial silhouette that was not stopping to guess the peculiarities of a human covered body.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50076\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50076\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50076\" title=\"imagen-3_te-barbarella\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella-300x85.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50076\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em>Barbarella<\/em>&#8216;s sequences. Interior of the spaceship.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Barbarella<\/em>, nevertheless, was adopting a different well position. He was presenting a spaceship lined with skin, in which the mechanical question had got lost and the interiors were defined by a constant, flexible and adaptable skin to a diffuse geometry. To underline this effect, the tripulante, a jovenc\u00edsima Jane Fonda, he presents for the first time an exact garment of plastic (an inspiration that would be developed by Pierre Cardin in the world of the mode).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50077\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50077\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50077\" title=\"imagen-4_-pierre-cardin\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin-300x206.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50077\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Pierre Cardin. Winter collection 1968.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is in these details where Banham feels a new sensibility, proposing a dialectics between the world hardware, illustrated for <em>2001<\/em> and the world <em>software<\/em> expressed by <em>Barbarella<\/em>. The latter introduces the concept\u00a0\u201csoft\u201d, a new soft, personalized way, not standardized; a <em>soft<\/em> way of conceiving the constructive elements, in which they appear <em>\u201cflexible, continuous and adaptable<\/em>\u201d as configurators of a new sensitive environment. A putting begins this way in value of the plastic as material that will be capable of giving form polim\u00e9rica to the new aspirations of ends of the sixties.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It is there where there appears the visionary Banham, which detects this change of attitude, a change that will concern the same architecture, turning\u00a0<em>Barbarella<\/em> into a piece of worship. On the one hand, the <em>machine appears us of living<\/em>, meant by a series of mechanisms necessary for the conditioning of the building. It is easy to imagine the Center Pompidou as paradigm of this vision. For against, the way \u201csoftware\u201d, it would be more related to the <em>soft machine<\/em>, to metabolic and interactive processes, in this occasion represented by the architecture pop and very specially for the group Archigram. The importance of the skin reveals as regulatory element and transpirador that allows to react and to establish a control of the space according to the interactions of the exterior. In this frame, the author establishes a relation between the natural skin and the artificial membrane.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Banham, in turn, dreams of the possibility of a cultivable, organic material, which could be growing with the building and to be giving opened answers, of the possibility of a <em>genetic manipulation<\/em> of the new materials (skins, moss, powder, etc.)<sup><em>2<\/em><\/sup><em><em><\/em>.<\/em> In the same way, he proposes a nearby architecture in order to consumption, caducable and disposable. And all this, programmed to react to stimuli, to improvise answers, to leave of a linear way towards the death.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50078\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50078\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50078\" title=\"imagen-5_barbarella2\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2-300x130.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50078\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em>Barbarella<\/em>. Plastic capsule.<br \/><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The architecture promoted by Banham looks for the technological references of the spatial capsule, of the incipient computers, of the founding elements of the age <em>atomic electronics<\/em>, shaping what it itself was called <em><em>\u201c<\/em>the history of an immediate future<em>\u201d<\/em><\/em>. The apology of a plastic adaptable membrane already had tested it three years before in the text <em>\u201cA Home is not a House\u201d<\/em>, in that there presents the <em>Environmental Bubble<\/em>, a bubble of inhabitable plastic. The architecture pop, developed during these years fundamentally for the Archigram, was advancing in this sense up to his dissolution in 1974. From at the time these Utopian offers would dissolve in the time.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Some years later, the metabolic dream would be replaced with the digital programming. The gradual disappearance of the physical infrastructures would be replaced gradually with a new skin formed by codes and information. The same planet, it would cover with a network of floating satellites and networks of fiber&#8230; The world, though in another sense, it would be definitively a software.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte. Architects (estonoesunsolar)<\/p>\n<p>Zaragoza-Venezia-Foggia. february 2015. <em><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notes:<\/p>\n<p><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup>\u00a0Published originally in the <em>New Society<\/em> magazine in 1968.\u00a0Later it was gathered in the book <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Design-Choice-Reyner-Banham\/dp\/0847803848\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Design by choice<\/a>,\u00a0<\/em>published in 1981.<\/p>\n<p><sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup>\u00a0The questions relative to the new ecological materials have been studied by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/0470746629?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=0470746629&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lydia Kallipoliti<\/a> in <em>The Soft Cosmos of AD\u2019s \u2018Cosmorama\u2019 in the 1960s and 1970s.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[:gl]<figure id=\"attachment_50071\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50071\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50071\" title=\"imagen1_barbarella1\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1-300x218.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50071\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em>Barbarella<\/em>, de R. Vadim.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>A arquitectura software.<\/p>\n<p>As ficci\u00f3ns visuais de Reyner Banham.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En 1968\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/0226036987?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=0226036987&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reyner Banham<\/a> escribiu\u00a0<em>The Triumph of Software<\/em><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><em>,<\/em> un artigo que anticipar\u00eda un novo xeito de entender o mundo e que afectar\u00eda de xeito especialmente sutil \u00e1 arquitectura. O seu discurso apoiouse principalmente en d\u00faas pel\u00edculas que se estrearon ese mesmo ano e que lle permitiron ilustrar as s\u00faas teses.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0053C9K10?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0053C9K10&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>2001: unha odisea do espazo<\/em><\/a>,\u00a0de S. Kubrik e<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B007Q1GKNC?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B007Q1GKNC&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em> Barbarella<\/em><\/a>, de R. Vadim, ambas as d\u00faas do x\u00e9nero de ciencia-ficci\u00f3n, botaban lecturas moi distintas sobre a tecnolox\u00eda espacial. A pel\u00edcula de Kubrik, estaba baseada en\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0092FP220?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0092FP220&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>O sentinela<\/em><\/a>, un conto de Arthur C. Clark de 1948, mentres que a de Vadim, ti\u00f1a a s\u00faa orixe nun\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/1594650926?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=1594650926&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">c\u00f3mic<\/a> do mesmo nome creado por\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Claude_Forest\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Jean-Claude Forest<\/a> en 1962. Unha vez m\u00e1is, \u00edanse infiltrar a trav\u00e9s das pantallas indicios de actitudes que, sustentados por unha potente linguaxe visual, pretend\u00edan imaxinar o futuro.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En 1957, a confianza no progreso e nos avances cient\u00edficos materializ\u00e1base co lanzamento ao espazo do Sputnik, o primeiro sat\u00e9lite artificial, e escenific\u00e1base coa Exposici\u00f3n Universal de Bruxelas de 1958 baixo o lema\u201c<em>por un mundo m\u00e1is humano<\/em>\u201d. Unha d\u00e9cada despois, este entusiasmo empeza a dar signos de esgotamento. En 1970 Roszak publica <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/8472450465?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=8472450465&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>O nacemento dunha contracultura<\/em><\/a>, que recolle unha nova sensibilidade e argumenta as inquietudes dunha incipiente e descontenta xuventude <em>hippie<\/em>, que viraba as costas ao mundo prometido pola ciencia, e se afastaba das promesas da modernidade para emprender un novo retorno \u00e1 Terra. Nese momento, o desencanto polo futuro era xa manifesto. Non obstante, neste contexto, a visi\u00f3n de Banham permanece a\u00ednda optimista e as cuesti\u00f3ns tecnol\u00f3xicas e espaciais mante\u00f1en a\u00ednda un car\u00e1cter fundamental na evoluci\u00f3n da arquitectura e a sociedade.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50075\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50075\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50075\" title=\"imagen2_odisea-2001\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"167\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen2_odisea-2001-300x80.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50075\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Secuencias de <em>2001, unha odisea do espazo<\/em>. Interior da nave espacial.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pero volvamos \u00e1s d\u00faas pel\u00edculas. Esas d\u00faas ficci\u00f3ns f\u00edlmicas sobre a deriva humana, presentaban d\u00faas versi\u00f3ns moi distintas sobre o futuro.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/B0053C9K10?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=B0053C9K10&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>2001, unha odisea do espazo<\/em><\/a><em> <\/em> representaba, cunha precisi\u00f3n sen precedentes, a evoluci\u00f3n dun universo mec\u00e1nico. A nave espacial, xeometricamente definida, estaba constitu\u00edda por unha serie de pezas met\u00e1licas ensambladas. Era unha sublimaci\u00f3n da produci\u00f3n en serie, da montaxe, do articulado e do acoplamento perfecto de diversas pranchas modulables. E esta perfecci\u00f3n estaba transmitida pola rixidez, o met\u00e1lico e o uniforme. Os espazos pod\u00edanse descompo\u00f1er en planos euclidianos. E todo iso estaba realzado pola adopci\u00f3n de encadres herdeiros do\u00a0<em>Quattrocento<\/em> italiano, con posici\u00f3ns do punto de vista centrais, sim\u00e9tricos, m\u00e1is propios dun universo divino, na que desaparec\u00eda a posici\u00f3n subxectiva e humana en favor do obxecto. Do mesmo modo, os tripulantes da nave eran portadores de equipos espaciais que creaban unha pel superposta, axustados mecanicamente \u00e1s necesidades t\u00e9rmicas e tecnol\u00f3xicas necesarias. Un conxunto de mecanismos e conexi\u00f3ns conformaban unha segunda silueta artificial que non deixaba entrever as peculiaridades dun corpo humano recuberto.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50076\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50076\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50076\" title=\"imagen-3_te-barbarella\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"177\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-3_te-barbarella-300x85.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50076\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Secuencias de <em>Barbarella<\/em>. Interior da nave espacial.<br \/><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>Barbarella, <\/em>non obstante, adoptaba unha posici\u00f3n ben distinta. Presentaba unha nave espacial forrada de pel, na que se perdera a cuesti\u00f3n mec\u00e1nica e os interiores estaban definidos por unha pel continua, flexible e adaptable a unha xeometr\u00eda difusa. Para subli\u00f1ar este efecto, o tripulante, unha jovenc\u00edsima Jane Fonda, presenta por primeira vez un axustado vestido de pl\u00e1stico (unha inspiraci\u00f3n que ser\u00eda desenvolvida por Pierre Cardin no mundo da moda).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50077\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50077\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50077\" title=\"imagen-4_-pierre-cardin\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-4_-pierre-cardin-300x206.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50077\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Pierre Cardin. Colecci\u00f3n inverno 1968.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00c9 nestes detalles onde Banham int\u00fae unha nova sensibilidade, propo\u00f1endo unha dial\u00e9ctica entre o mundo\u00a0<em>hardware<\/em>, ilustrado por <em>2001<\/em> e o mundo<em> software<\/em>, expresado por Barbarella. Esta \u00faltima introduce o concepto\u00a0\u201csoft\u201d, un novo xeito suave, personalizado, non estandarizada; un xeito brando de concibir os elementos construtivos, en que se mostran o <em>\u201c<em><\/em>flexible, continuo e adaptable<\/em>\u201d como configuradores dun novo ambiente sensible. In\u00edciase as\u00ed unha posta en valor do pl\u00e1stico como material que ser\u00e1 capaz de dar forma polim\u00e9rica \u00e1s novas aspiraci\u00f3ns de finais dos sesenta.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00c9 al\u00ed onde aparece o Banham visionario, que detecta este cambio de actitude, un cambio que afectar\u00e1 \u00e1 mesma arquitectura, convertendo\u00a0<em>Barbarella<\/em> nunha peza de culto. Por un lado, pres\u00e9ntasenos a\u00a0<em>m\u00e1quina de habitar<\/em>, significada por unha serie de mecanismos necesarios para o acondicionamento do edificio. \u00c9 doado imaxinar o Centro Pompidou como paradigma desta visi\u00f3n. Pola contra, o modo \u201csoftware\u201d, estar\u00eda m\u00e1is relacionado coa\u00a0<em>m\u00e1quina suave<\/em>, con procesos metab\u00f3licos e interactivos, nesta ocasi\u00f3n representada pola arquitectura pop e moi especialmente polo grupo Archigram. Ponse de manifesto a importancia da pel como elemento regulador e transpirador que permite reaccionar e establecer un control do espazo segundo as interacci\u00f3ns do exterior. Neste marco, o autor establece unha relaci\u00f3n entre a pel natural e a membrana artificial.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Banham, \u00e1 s\u00faa vez, so\u00f1a coa posibilidade dun material cultivable, org\u00e1nico, que puidese ir crecendo co edificio e ir dando respostas abertas, coa posibilidade dunha<em> manipulaci\u00f3n xen\u00e9tica<\/em> dos novos materiais (peles, mofo, po, etc.)<sup><em>2<\/em><\/sup><em><em><\/em>.<\/em> Do mesmo modo, prop\u00f3n unha arquitectura pr\u00f3xima ao obxecto de consumo, caducable e desbotable. E todo iso, programado para reaccionar a est\u00edmulos, para improvisar respostas, para sa\u00edrse dun cami\u00f1o lineal cara \u00e1 morte.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_50078\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-50078\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-50078\" title=\"imagen-5_barbarella2\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"269\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen-5_barbarella2-300x130.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-50078\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><em>Barbarella<\/em>. C\u00e1psula pl\u00e1stica.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A arquitectura promovida por Banham busca as referencias tecnol\u00f3xicas da c\u00e1psula espacial, dos incipientes ordenadores, dos elementos fundadores da <em>era at\u00f3mico electr\u00f3nica<\/em>, conformando o que el mesmo chamou <em><em>\u201c<\/em>a historia dun futuro inmediato\u00bb<\/em>. A apolox\u00eda dunha membrana pl\u00e1stica adaptable xa ensai\u00e1raa tres anos antes no texto <em>\u201cA Home is not a House\u201d<\/em>, no que presenta o <em>Environmental Bubble<\/em>, unha burbulla de pl\u00e1stico habitable. A arquitectura pop, desenvolvida durante eses anos fundamentalmente polos Archigram, avanzaba nese sentido ata a s\u00faa disoluci\u00f3n en 1974. A partir de ent\u00f3n estas propostas ut\u00f3picas disolver\u00edanse no tempo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Anos despois, o sono metab\u00f3lico ser\u00eda substitu\u00eddo pola programaci\u00f3n dixital. A paulatina desaparici\u00f3n das infraestruturas f\u00edsicas ser\u00eda substitu\u00edda paulatinamente por unha nova pel formada por c\u00f3digos e datos. O mesmo planeta, cubrir\u00edase cunha rede de sat\u00e9lites flotantes e redes de fibra&#8230; O mundo, a\u00ednda que noutro sentido, ser\u00eda definitivamente software.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte. Arquitectos (estonoesunsolar)<\/p>\n<p>Zaragoza-Venezia-Foggia. febreiro 2015. <em><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notas:<\/p>\n<p><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup> Publicado orixinalmente na revista <em>New Society<\/em> en 1968. Posteriormente foi recollido no libro <em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Design-Choice-Reyner-Banham\/dp\/0847803848\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Design by choice<\/a>, <\/em>publicado en 1981.<\/p>\n<p><sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup> As cuesti\u00f3ns relativas os novos materiais ecol\u00f3xicos foron estudiadas por <a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.es\/gp\/product\/0470746629?ie=UTF8&amp;camp=3626&amp;creativeASIN=0470746629&amp;linkCode=xm2&amp;tag=wwwveredeses-21\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lydia Kallipoliti<\/a> en <em>The Soft Cosmos of AD\u2019s \u2018Cosmorama\u2019 in the 1960s and 1970s.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>[:]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[:es] La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham En 1968 Reyner Banham escribi\u00f3 The Triumph of Software1, un art\u00edculo que anticipar\u00eda una nueva manera de entender el mundo y que afectar\u00eda de manera especialmente sutil a la arquitectura. Su discurso se apoy\u00f3 principalmente en dos pel\u00edculas que se estrenaron ese mismo a\u00f1o y [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":49,"featured_media":50071,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33,3,1460,5951],"tags":[120,12448,11542,12471,12460,5348,11541,785,11544,5347,4445,4642,11540,11543],"class_list":["post-50070","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-arquitectos","category-capturas","category-cine","category-slider-principal","tag-archigram","tag-arquitectura","tag-arthur-charles-clarke","tag-cine","tag-fotografia","tag-ignacio-gravalos","tag-jean-claude-forest","tag-le-corbusier","tag-lydia-kallipoliti","tag-patrizia-di-monte","tag-reyner-banham","tag-software-libre","tag-stanley-kubrik","tag-theodore-roszak"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/veredesArquitecturayDivulgacion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gravalosdimonte\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2015-02-06T06:12:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2023-02-27T18:10:01+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"620\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"452\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@veredes\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@veredes\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/54b7a5ff71486d345ca458713f0ac06f\"},\"headline\":\"[:es]La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte [:gl]A arquitectura software. As ficci\u00f3ns visuais de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte [:en]The architecture software. Reyner Banham&#8217;s visual fictions | Ignacio los grava &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte [:]\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-02-06T06:12:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-27T18:10:01+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3703,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/01\\\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Archigram\",\"arquitectura\",\"Arthur Charles Clarke\",\"cine\",\"fotograf\u00eda\",\"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos\",\"jean-claude forest\",\"Le Corbusier\",\"lydia kallipoliti\",\"Patrizia di Monte\",\"Reyner Banham\",\"software libre\",\"stanley kubrik\",\"theodore roszak\"],\"articleSection\":[\"arquitectos\",\"capturas\",\"cine\",\"slider principal\"],\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/\",\"name\":\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/01\\\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2015-02-06T06:12:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2023-02-27T18:10:01+00:00\",\"description\":\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/01\\\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2015\\\/01\\\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg\",\"width\":\"620\",\"height\":\"452\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Portada\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/\",\"name\":\"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n\",\"description\":\"veredes\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"veredes\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"es\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n\",\"alternateName\":\"veredes\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/12\\\/veredes-logo-centrado_140x54.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2021\\\/12\\\/veredes-logo-centrado_140x54.png\",\"width\":140,\"height\":54,\"caption\":\"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/veredesArquitecturayDivulgacion\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/veredes\",\"https:\\\/\\\/instagram.com\\\/veredes\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/veredes-arquitectura-y-divulgacion\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/es.pinterest.com\\\/veredes\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tumblr.com\\\/veredes\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/54b7a5ff71486d345ca458713f0ac06f\",\"name\":\"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"es\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/04\\\/Ignacio-Gr\u00e1valos-\u2013-Patrizia-di-Monte-96x96.jpeg\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/04\\\/Ignacio-Gr\u00e1valos-\u2013-Patrizia-di-Monte-96x96.jpeg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2018\\\/04\\\/Ignacio-Gr\u00e1valos-\u2013-Patrizia-di-Monte-96x96.jpeg\",\"caption\":\"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte\"},\"description\":\"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos es arquitecto por la ETSAB (Barcelona, 1994). Doctor por la Universidad de Zaragoza (2020) con su tesis \u201cEl fin de la modernidad. Visiones del espacio urbano desde una perspectiva cinematogr\u00e1fica\u201d. Master de Investigaci\u00f3n y Formaci\u00f3n Avanzada en Arquitectura por la Universidad San Jorge (2013). Es profesor titular de Expresi\u00f3n Arquitect\u00f3nica y Proyectos Fin de Grado de la Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad San Jorge. Patrizia Di Monte es arquitecta por el I.U.A.V., becada por el Gobierno Italiano para estudios de postgrado del 1996 al 1998, titulo de Master ETSAB-UPC-CCCB, doctorado ETSAB-UPC, profesora de Urbanismo y Arquitectura Social y coordinadora de relaciones internacionales de la ETSA USJ hasta 2014. Visiting professor del Politecnico de Mil\u00e1n, Master NIB, y SOS en Italia desde 2015. Validated Lead Expert Urbact + Cost. En 1998 fundan gravalosdimonte arquitectos, desarrollando proyectos culturales, que abarcan desde el arte a la arquitectura, estrategias de regeneraci\u00f3n urbana, paisajismo, arquitectura participativa y urbanismo sostenible. Autores intelectuales del programa \u201cestonoesunsolar\u201d. Ganadores de los premios internacionales, Eurocties Planning for people, 2011; Innovazione e Qualit\u00e1 urbana 2010, Saie Selecion 12 Urban Regeneration and development, Biennale Spazio Pubblico 2013 Citt\u00e1 sociale, menci\u00f3n de investigaci\u00f3n XI BEAU; sus trabajos han sido expuestos en NAI - R\u00f3tterdam, DAZ - Berl\u00edn, MAXXI - Roma, Biennale Architettura Venezia y Bienal Arquitectura Urbanismo Espa\u00f1ola.\",\"sameAs\":[\"http:\\\/\\\/gravalosdimonte.com\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/gravalosdimonte\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/explore\\\/tags\\\/gravalosdimonte\\\/\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/author\\\/ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte","description":"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/","og_locale":"es_ES","og_type":"article","og_title":"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte","og_description":"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham","og_url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/","og_site_name":"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/veredesArquitecturayDivulgacion\/","article_author":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gravalosdimonte","article_published_time":"2015-02-06T06:12:15+00:00","article_modified_time":"2023-02-27T18:10:01+00:00","og_image":[{"width":620,"height":452,"url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@veredes","twitter_site":"@veredes","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte","Tiempo de lectura":"7 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/"},"author":{"name":"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/54b7a5ff71486d345ca458713f0ac06f"},"headline":"[:es]La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte [:gl]A arquitectura software. As ficci\u00f3ns visuais de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte [:en]The architecture software. Reyner Banham&#8217;s visual fictions | Ignacio los grava &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte [:]","datePublished":"2015-02-06T06:12:15+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-27T18:10:01+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/"},"wordCount":3703,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg","keywords":["Archigram","arquitectura","Arthur Charles Clarke","cine","fotograf\u00eda","Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos","jean-claude forest","Le Corbusier","lydia kallipoliti","Patrizia di Monte","Reyner Banham","software libre","stanley kubrik","theodore roszak"],"articleSection":["arquitectos","capturas","cine","slider principal"],"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/","url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/","name":"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos - Patrizia Di Monte","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg","datePublished":"2015-02-06T06:12:15+00:00","dateModified":"2023-02-27T18:10:01+00:00","description":"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"es","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/01\/imagen1_barbarella1.jpg","width":"620","height":"452"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/la-arquitectura-software-las-ficciones-visuales-de-reyner-banham-ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Portada","item":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"La arquitectura software. Las ficciones visuales de Reyner Banham | Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos &#8211; Patrizia Di Monte"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/","name":"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n","description":"veredes","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#organization"},"alternateName":"veredes","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"es"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#organization","name":"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n","alternateName":"veredes","url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/veredes-logo-centrado_140x54.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/veredes-logo-centrado_140x54.png","width":140,"height":54,"caption":"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/veredesArquitecturayDivulgacion\/","https:\/\/x.com\/veredes","https:\/\/instagram.com\/veredes\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/veredes-arquitectura-y-divulgacion\/","https:\/\/es.pinterest.com\/veredes\/","https:\/\/www.tumblr.com\/veredes"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/54b7a5ff71486d345ca458713f0ac06f","name":"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"es","@id":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Ignacio-Gr\u00e1valos-\u2013-Patrizia-di-Monte-96x96.jpeg","url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Ignacio-Gr\u00e1valos-\u2013-Patrizia-di-Monte-96x96.jpeg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/04\/Ignacio-Gr\u00e1valos-\u2013-Patrizia-di-Monte-96x96.jpeg","caption":"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos \u2013 Patrizia di Monte"},"description":"Ignacio Gr\u00e1valos es arquitecto por la ETSAB (Barcelona, 1994). Doctor por la Universidad de Zaragoza (2020) con su tesis \u201cEl fin de la modernidad. Visiones del espacio urbano desde una perspectiva cinematogr\u00e1fica\u201d. Master de Investigaci\u00f3n y Formaci\u00f3n Avanzada en Arquitectura por la Universidad San Jorge (2013). Es profesor titular de Expresi\u00f3n Arquitect\u00f3nica y Proyectos Fin de Grado de la Escuela de Arquitectura de la Universidad San Jorge. Patrizia Di Monte es arquitecta por el I.U.A.V., becada por el Gobierno Italiano para estudios de postgrado del 1996 al 1998, titulo de Master ETSAB-UPC-CCCB, doctorado ETSAB-UPC, profesora de Urbanismo y Arquitectura Social y coordinadora de relaciones internacionales de la ETSA USJ hasta 2014. Visiting professor del Politecnico de Mil\u00e1n, Master NIB, y SOS en Italia desde 2015. Validated Lead Expert Urbact + Cost. En 1998 fundan gravalosdimonte arquitectos, desarrollando proyectos culturales, que abarcan desde el arte a la arquitectura, estrategias de regeneraci\u00f3n urbana, paisajismo, arquitectura participativa y urbanismo sostenible. Autores intelectuales del programa \u201cestonoesunsolar\u201d. Ganadores de los premios internacionales, Eurocties Planning for people, 2011; Innovazione e Qualit\u00e1 urbana 2010, Saie Selecion 12 Urban Regeneration and development, Biennale Spazio Pubblico 2013 Citt\u00e1 sociale, menci\u00f3n de investigaci\u00f3n XI BEAU; sus trabajos han sido expuestos en NAI - R\u00f3tterdam, DAZ - Berl\u00edn, MAXXI - Roma, Biennale Architettura Venezia y Bienal Arquitectura Urbanismo Espa\u00f1ola.","sameAs":["http:\/\/gravalosdimonte.com\/","https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/gravalosdimonte","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/explore\/tags\/gravalosdimonte\/"],"url":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/author\/ignacio-gravalos-patrizia-di-monte\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50070","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/49"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=50070"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/50070\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/50071"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=50070"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=50070"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=50070"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}