{"id":34376,"date":"2013-09-16T06:12:15","date_gmt":"2013-09-16T06:12:15","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/?p=34376"},"modified":"2022-09-02T10:32:35","modified_gmt":"2022-09-02T08:32:35","slug":"de-vocaciones-borja-lopez-cotelo","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/de-vocaciones-borja-lopez-cotelo\/","title":{"rendered":"[:es]De vocaciones | Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo[:gl]De vocaci\u00f3ns | Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo[:en]Of vocations | Borja Lopez Cotelo[:]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[:es]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nadie en mi barrio conoc\u00eda a Mies Van der Rohe. Los ni\u00f1os no so\u00f1\u00e1bamos con ser Alvar Aalto porque nuestro altar lo ocupaban Bruce Lee,<em> Rocky <\/em>Balboa, <a href=\"http:\/\/cromosdeldepor.blogspot.com.es\/2011\/12\/uralde.html\">Peio Uralde<\/a> o <a href=\"http:\/\/www.marca.com\/blogs\/la-liga-hecha-un-cromo\/2013\/04\/18\/stojadinovic-y-la-primerabr-pagina-del.html\">Zoran Stojadinovic<\/a>. Yo, que era un poco raro, a veces cambiaba de objetivo y aspiraba a suceder al gran <a href=\"http:\/\/elprimoramon.com\/el-hombre-que-usted-no-conoce\/\">Semp\u00e9<\/a>. Los d\u00edas transcurr\u00edan entre libros de matem\u00e1ticas, papeles garabateados y horas pateando el bal\u00f3n; esperando que llegase pronto el domingo para ir a ver al Deportivo en ese estadio que ten\u00eda un solo fondo sobre el que emerg\u00eda hier\u00e1tica la torre de Marat\u00f3n. Viv\u00edamos tranquilos sin\u00a0 haber le\u00eddo <em>Hacia una arquitectura<\/em>, sin haber visitado Ronchamp, sin haber o\u00eddo hablar jam\u00e1s de Louis Kahn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A\u00f1os despu\u00e9s se fraguaron los mitos de mi <em>postadolescencia<\/em>. Mies, Aalto y Le Corbusier, esa Sant\u00edsima Trinidad que todo estudiante de arquitectura venera, esos perfectos desconocidos durante mis primeros diecisiete a\u00f1os de vida. Y m\u00e1s tarde, la colisi\u00f3n con el mundo real me dej\u00f3 la desconcertante sensaci\u00f3n de haber sido estafado: la vida laboral en el inescrutable laberinto de la burocracia espa\u00f1ola, el aburrimiento, la falta de <em>Rock and roll<\/em>. No constru\u00ed ni un solo rascacielos a la orilla del lago, y el terco ladrillo no me respond\u00eda por m\u00e1s que le preguntaba qu\u00e9 quer\u00eda ser. Fue entonces cuando comenc\u00e9 a plantearme abandonar el barco: al fin y al cabo no soy un arquitecto vocacional, \u00bfpor qu\u00e9 no empezar de cero? Pronto encontr\u00e9 la respuesta: no lo har\u00e9 porque he visto un pilar y un incendio.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Un pilar\u00a0 <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Existe un pilar que hace de <a href=\"http:\/\/arch.et.bme.hu\/kep\/Image744.jpg\">Klippan<\/a> el centro del universo. En ese pueblo sueco, Lewerentz se dio cuenta de que las b\u00f3vedas cer\u00e1micas pod\u00edan apoyarse en dos enormes vigas met\u00e1licas y de que \u00e9stas, a su vez, pod\u00edan transmitir las cargas a un pilar. A un solo pilar. A una \u2018T\u2019 en la que podemos ver una alegor\u00eda de la cruz o podemos, por el contrario, ver toda la historia de la humanidad, incluso aquella que precedi\u00f3 a la conmemorada crucifixi\u00f3n. Porque ante todo, esa vertical dota de significado un lugar; en su oposici\u00f3n con la horizontal, con el suelo, dibuja el <em>axis mundi<\/em>, el <em>eje del mundo<\/em>. Y en torno a este eje han girado desde el inicio de los tiempos, aqu\u00ed y all\u00e1, cientos de creencias: las que estudio Mircea Eliade, las que Frampton cit\u00f3 en sus <em>Estudios sobre cultura tect\u00f3nica<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>, y muchas otras de las que probablemente nunca oigamos hablar. Es, no por casualidad, el mismo eje al que Le Corbusier dedic\u00f3 su <em>Poema del \u00e1ngulo recto<\/em>, la misma vertical definida por el m\u00e1stil al que Ulises se at\u00f3 para no sucumbir a los cantos de sirena.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\" title=\"\">No debemos olvidar que los n\u00f3rdicos -Lewerentz lo era, no solo por haber nacido en Suecia- siempre han sido, por encima de todo, constructores de barcos. Naves ligeras que remontaron el Volga, que surcaron el B\u00e1ltico y el Mar del Norte para acabar avistando Terranova. Herencia que esparcieron por el sur de Europa<em><a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>. Por eso muchos arquitectos del Norte entendieron la importancia de la vertical, del m\u00e1stil o el pilar: Fehn escribi\u00f3, acerca de su proyecto para una iglesia en el puerto de Honningsvag: \u2018Desde su asiento [el marinero] percibe que el pilar tiene la misma dimensi\u00f3n que un m\u00e1stil. En este reconocimiento se siente seguro. Se sienta al lado de ese pilar, lo reconoce tambi\u00e9n con el suave tacto de sus dedos. En mar abierto\u2026 fue un s\u00edmbolo en el que crey\u00f3, el que lo trajo de vuelta a casa\u2019<em><a href=\"#_ftn3\"><sup><sup>3<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> . A su vez, estos m\u00e1stiles normandos no son muy diferentes del pilar que ocupa el centro del m\u00e1s arcaico templo sinto\u00edsta de Jap\u00f3n<em><a href=\"#_ftn4\"><sup><sup>4<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>, el Gran Templo de Izumo, que evoca un pasaje del mito de la Creaci\u00f3n: en una sala de ocho brazas construida en torno al <em>Pilar del Cielo <\/em>se cortejaron Izanami e Izanagi, las deidades primigenias, antes de su primera uni\u00f3n<em><a href=\"#_ftn5\"><sup><sup>5<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-37128\" title=\"gravedad_mod\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod-120x120.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lewerentz, huelga decirlo, no invent\u00f3 el pilar ni su simbolismo. Simplemente hizo descansar sobre uno de ellos, condensada, su experiencia de anciano y la herencia de muchos siglos de construcci\u00f3n de templos y barcos. Lewerentz coloc\u00f3 ah\u00ed ese pilar para recordarnos que sin gravedad no hay arquitectura.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Un incendio <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Fue el reverendo Simonsen quien dio a J\u00f8rn Utzon una memorable lecci\u00f3n de arquitectura: \u2018Un espacio sagrado no se hace\u2019 -dijo- \u2018Es algo que se consagra. Podr\u00eda estar debajo de un \u00e1rbol\u2019<a href=\"#_ftn6\"><sup><sup>6<\/sup><\/sup><\/a>. Los que vinieron despu\u00e9s, los arquitectos que sucedieron al maestro dan\u00e9s (al menos los m\u00e1s despiertos) asumieron que as\u00ed era. Cuando Peter Zumthor construy\u00f3 una <a href=\"http:\/\/wagon-wheel-blog.blogspot.com.es\/2012\/07\/brother-claus-field-chapel-mechernich.html\">capilla consagrada al Hermano Klaus<\/a>, santo patr\u00f3n de Suiza, decidi\u00f3 que la soluci\u00f3n era prenderle fuego. Como el b\u00edblico fuego purificador, como las siete llamas que coronan en su quietud la Menor\u00e1, como aquel otro <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Noev4ofXpAA\"><em>incendio<\/em> de Sidonie<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zumthor hizo construir una estructura c\u00f3nica de madera para luego verter sobre ella veinticuatro tongadas de hormig\u00f3n en otros tantos d\u00edas. M\u00e1s tarde prendi\u00f3 fuego a la cimbra; la madera qued\u00f3 impresa en el hormig\u00f3n y, al consumirse, defini\u00f3 el vac\u00edo que desde entonces s\u00f3lo es llenado por una luz cenital. Esa <em>iluminaci\u00f3n<\/em> es el \u00fanico acontecimiento que tiene lugar en el interior de un templo que carece incluso de altar: en su lugar encontramos un charco formado por el agua de lluvia y la nieve derretida. La capilla, con su \u00f3culo abierto al cielo, trae a la mente esa estancia de la villa Rotonda por cuyo interior se derrama la luz del sol y el agua de lluvia; tambi\u00e9n, inevitablemente, ese otro \u00f3culo tan c\u00e9lebre, el que convierte la luz en materia densa, casi tangible, en las entra\u00f1as de Roma. Pero Zumthor parece haber tenido otras cosas en la cabeza: la rudeza del material, la desnudez absoluta, el proceso de evisceraci\u00f3n que le dio forma, sugieren que esa capilla es deudora de las <em>nuraga<\/em> sardas y de las arquitecturas hipogeas de Capadocia, Mattera o el Sacromonte.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zumthor quem\u00f3 aquella cimbra para recordarnos que la arquitectura es materia, y que la materia trasciende lo visible: se toca, se huele, se percibe en ella la cicatriz dejada por el tiempo y el fuego.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-34378\" title=\"02-materia\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-120x120.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Intuyo que Klaus, el ermita\u00f1o, estar\u00eda satisfecho. La capilla se yergue hoy sobre el trigo amarillo, solitaria como un anacoreta; sin luz ni agua corriente, rendida a los elementos, pero firme ante el empuje del tiempo y la gravedad. Tal vez el fuego en la cimbra no haya sido m\u00e1s que un ritual, una epifan\u00eda previa a la catarsis. Como ese otro incendio en Preferencia antes del gol de Stoja.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo. Doctor arquitecto<br \/>\nA Coru\u00f1a. septiembre 2013<\/p>\n<p>Ilustraciones: El primo Ram\u00f3n (EpR)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notas:<br \/>\n<em><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Ver Frampton, Kenneth: <em>Estudios sobre cultura tect\u00f3nica<\/em> (Ed. Akal Arquitectura, 1999), p.249<br \/>\n<em><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Staffan M\u00f6rling, antrop\u00f3logo sueco, es quien m\u00e1s ha profundizado en el estudio de la herencia n\u00f3rdica en la construcci\u00f3n de las dornas, embarcaciones tradicionales gallegas.<br \/>\n<a href=\"#_ftnref4\"><em><sup><sup>3<\/sup><\/sup><\/em><\/a> Ver Fjeld, Per Olaf: <em>The thought of Construction<\/em> (Ed. Rizzoli, 1983), p. 46<br \/>\n<em><a href=\"#_ftnref5\"><sup><sup>4<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Es recomendable, a este respecto, leer el ensayo \u2018Tra terra e mare, L\u2019Architettura di Sverre Fehn\u2019, escrito por Francesco Dal Co e incluido en <em>Sverre Fehn. Opera Completa<\/em> (Ed. Electa, 1997). En \u00e9l, Dal Co incide en el ancestral parentesco entre las construcciones japonesas y las construcciones navales n\u00f3rdicas.<br \/>\n<em><a href=\"#_ftnref5\"><sup><sup>5<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Ver el ensayo \u2018Kazuo Shinohara: m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de estilos m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la domesticidad\u2019, de Enric Massip-Bosch, en <em>Kazuo Shinohara. Casas<\/em>, 2G n\u00famero 58\/59 (Ed. Gustavo Gili, Barcelona, 2011), p. 14<br \/>\n<em><sup><sup>6<\/sup><\/sup><\/em> Ver Puente, Mois\u00e9s<em>: J\u00f8rn Utzon. Conversaciones y otros escritos<\/em> (Ed. Gustavo Gili, Barcelona, 2010), p.55.<\/p>\n<p>[:en]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Nobody in my neighborhood knew to Mies Van der Rohe. The children we were not dreaming of being Alvar Aalto because our altar they were occupying it Bruce Lee,<em> Rocky <\/em>Balboa, <a href=\"http:\/\/cromosdeldepor.blogspot.com.es\/2011\/12\/uralde.html\">Peio Uralde<\/a> or <a href=\"http:\/\/www.marca.com\/blogs\/la-liga-hecha-un-cromo\/2013\/04\/18\/stojadinovic-y-la-primerabr-pagina-del.html\">Zoran Stojadinovic<\/a>.\u00a0I, who was a bit rare, sometimes was changing aim and was aspiring to happen to the great <a href=\"http:\/\/elprimoramon.com\/el-hombre-que-usted-no-conoce\/\">Semp\u00e9<\/a>. The days were passing between books of mathematics, scribbled papers and hours stamping on the ball; hoping that Sunday was coming promptly to be going to see the Sports one in this stadium that had an alone bottom on the one that was emerging hieratical the tower of Marathon. We were living calm without having read <em>Towards an architecture<\/em>, without having visited Ronchamp, without never having heard speaking about Louis Kahn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Some years later there blew up the myths of my <em>postadolescence<\/em>. Mies, Aalto and Le Corbusier, this Holiest Trinity that every student of architecture venerates, these perfect strangers for my first seventeen years of life. And later, the collision with the real world left me the disconcerting sensation of having being defrauded: the labor life in the inscrutable labyrinth of the Spanish bureaucracy, the boredom, the lack of <em>Rock and roll<\/em>. I constructed not even an alone skyscraper to the shore of the lake, and the stubborn brick was not answering myself however much he was asking him what wanted to be.\u00a0It was at the time when I began to consider to give up the ship: in the end I am not a vocational architect, why not to begin of zero? Soon I found the response: I will not do it because I have seen a prop and a fire.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>A prop<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">There exists a prop that does of \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/arch.et.bme.hu\/kep\/Image744.jpg\">Klippan<\/a> the center of the universe. In this Swedish people, Lewerentz realized that the ceramic vaults could rest on two enormous metallic girders and that these, in turn, could transmit the loads to a prop. To an alone prop. To a \u2018T\u2019 in which we can see an allegory of the cross or can see, on the contrary, the whole history of the humanity, even that one that preceded the commemorated crucifixion.\u00a0Because first of all, this vertical one provides with meaning a place; in his opposition with the horizontal one, with the soil, it draws the <em>axis mundi<\/em>, the <em>axis of the world<\/em>. And concerning this axis they have turned from the beginning of the times, here and there, hundreds of beliefs: that I study Mircea Eliade, which Frampton mentioned in his <em>Studies on tectonic culture<\/em><em><a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>, and different many about which probably we never hear speaking. It is, not accidentally, the same axis to which Corbusier dedicated his <em>Poem of the right angle<\/em>, same vertically defined by the mast to the one that Ulises stuck not to succumb to the singings sirens.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">We must not forget that the northern-Lewerentz it was, not only for having born in Sweden &#8211; always they have been, over everything, builders of ships. Light ships that mended the Volga, which the Baltic one and the North Sea furrowed to end up by sighting Newfoundland. Inheritance that they spread in the south of Europe<em><a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>.. Because of it many architects of the North understood the importance of the vertical one, of the mast or the prop: Fehn wrote, it brings over of his project for a church in Honningsvag&#8217;s port: \u2018From his seat [the sailor] it perceives that the prop has the same dimension that a mast. In this recognition he feels sure. It sits down next to this prop, admits it also with the soft tact of his fingers. On the open sea \u2026 it was a symbol in the one that believed, that it it brought of come back home\u2019<em><a href=\"#_ftn3\"><sup><sup>3<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> . In turn, these Norman masts are not very different from the prop that occupies the center of the most archaic temple sinto\u00edsta of Japan 4, Izumo&#8217;s Great Temple, which evokes a passage of the myth of the Creation: in a room of eight fathoms constructed concerning the <em>Prop of the Sky<\/em> there courted Izanami and Izanagi, the original deities, before his first union<em><a href=\"#_ftn5\"><sup><sup>5<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"gravedad_mod\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"620\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lewerentz, strike to say it, invented neither the prop nor his symbolism. Simply it made rest on one of them, condensed, his elder&#8217;s experience and the inheritance of many centuries of construction of temples and ships. Lewerentz placed there this prop us to remember that without gravity there is no architecture.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>A fire <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">It was the reverend Simonsen who gave a memorable lesson of architecture to J\u00f8rn Utzon: \u2018A sacred space is not done &#8216; &#8211; he said &#8211; &#8216; It is something that devotes itself. It might be under a tree\u2019<a href=\"#_ftn6\"><sup><sup>6<\/sup><\/sup><\/a>. Those who came later, the architects who happened to the Danish teacher (at least the most awake) assumed that it was like that. When Peter Zumthor constructed a <a href=\"http:\/\/wagon-wheel-blog.blogspot.com.es\/2012\/07\/brother-claus-field-chapel-mechernich.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">chapel dedicated to the Brother Klaus<\/a>, holy boss of Switzerland, it decided that the solution was to light fire. As the Biblical fire purifier, as seven flames that they crown in his quietude the Menor\u00e1, as that another <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Noev4ofXpAA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sidonie&#8217;s fire<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zumthor made construct a conical structure of wood then spill on her twenty-four tongadas of concrete in some other days. Later it lit fire to the centering; the wood remained printed in the concrete and, on having be consumed, defined the emptiness that since then only is filled by a zenithal light. This <em>lighting<\/em> is the only event that takes place inside a temple that lacks even altar: in his place we find a puddle formed by the water of rain and the melted snow. The chapel, with his \u00f3culo opened for the sky, brings to the mind this stay of the villa Rotunda for whose interior spills the light of the Sun and the water of rain; also, inevitably, this another so famous \u00f3culo, which turns the light into dense, almost tangible matter, in the entrails of Rome. Pero Zumthor seems to have had other things in the head: the roughness of the material, the absolute nudity, the process of evisceraci\u00f3n that gave to him form, suggest that this chapel is a debtor of the Sardinian <em>nuraga<\/em> and of the architectures hipogeas of Capadocia, Mattera or the Sacromonte.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zumthor burned that centering us to remember that the architecture is a matter, and that the matter comes out the visible thing: it touches itself, suspects, there is perceived in her the scar left in the time and the fire.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-34378\" title=\"02-materia\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-120x120.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">I feel that Klaus, the hermit, would be satisfied. The chapel yergue today on the yellow wheat, solitary as an anchorite; without light or current water yielded to the elements, but road surface before the push of the time and the gravity. Maybe the fire in the centering has not been any more than a ritual, an Epiphany before the catharsis. As this another fire in Preference before Stoja&#8217;s goal.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo. Doctor architect<\/p>\n<p>A Coru\u00f1a. september 2013<\/p>\n<p>Ilustraciones: El primo Ram\u00f3n (EpR)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notes:<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> VLook at Frampton, Kenneth: <em>Estudios sobre cultura tect\u00f3nica<\/em> (Ed. Akal Arquitectura, 1999), p.249<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Staffan M\u00f6rling, swedish anthropologist, is the one who more has penetrated into the study of the northern inheritance into the construction of the dornas, traditional Galician crafts.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\"><em><sup><sup>3<\/sup><\/sup><\/em><\/a> Look at Fjeld, Per Olaf: <em>The thought of Construction<\/em> (Ed. Rizzoli, 1983), p. 46<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"#_ftnref5\"><sup><sup>4<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>\u00a0It is advisable, in this regard, to read the test \u2018Tra terra e mare, L\u2019Architettura di Sverre Fehn\u2019,\u00a0written by Francesco Dal Co\u00a0and included in <em>Sverre Fehn. Opera Completa<\/em> (Ed. Electa, 1997). In him, Dal Co affects in the ancient kinship between the Japanese constructions and the naval northern constructions<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"#_ftnref5\"><sup><sup>5<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Look at the test \u2018Kazuo Shinohara: m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de estilos m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la domesticidad\u2019, by Enric Massip-Bosch, in <em>Kazuo Shinohara. Casas<\/em>, 2G n\u00famero 58\/59 (Ed. Gustavo Gili, Barcelona, 2011), p. 14<\/p>\n<p><em><sup><sup>6<\/sup><\/sup><\/em> Look at Puente, Mois\u00e9s<em>: J\u00f8rn Utzon. Conversaciones y otros escritos<\/em> (Ed. Gustavo Gili, Barcelona, 2010), p.55.<\/p>\n<p>[:gl]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ningu\u00e9n no meu barrio co\u00f1ec\u00eda a\u00a0Mies Van der Rohe.\u00a0Os nenos non so\u00f1abamos con ser Alvar Aalto\u00a0porque o noso altar o ocupaban Bruce Lee,<em> Rocky <\/em>Balboa, <a href=\"http:\/\/cromosdeldepor.blogspot.com.es\/2011\/12\/uralde.html\">Peio Uralde<\/a> ou <a href=\"http:\/\/www.marca.com\/blogs\/la-liga-hecha-un-cromo\/2013\/04\/18\/stojadinovic-y-la-primerabr-pagina-del.html\">Zoran Stojadinovic<\/a>.\u00a0Eu, que era un pouco raro, \u00e1s veces cambiaba de obxectivo e aspiraba a suceder ao gran <a href=\"http:\/\/elprimoramon.com\/el-hombre-que-usted-no-conoce\/\">Semp\u00e9<\/a>. Os d\u00edas transcorr\u00edan entre libros de matem\u00e1ticas, papeis esborranchados e horas pateando o bal\u00f3n; esperando que chegase pronto o domingo para ir a ver o Deportivo nese estadio que ti\u00f1a un s\u00f3 fondo sobre o que emerx\u00eda hier\u00e1tica a torre de Marat\u00f3n. Viviamos tranquilos sen ler <em>Cara unha arquitectura<\/em>, sen visitar Ronchamp, sen o\u00edr falar xamais de Louis Kahn.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A\u00f1os despois fragu\u00e1ronse os mitos da mi\u00f1a postadolescencia. Mies, Aalto e Le Corbusier, esa Santa Trindade que todo estudante de arquitectura venera, eses perfectos desco\u00f1ecidos durante os meus primeiros dezasete anos de vida. E m\u00e1is tarde, a colisi\u00f3n co mundo real me deixou a desconcertante sensaci\u00f3n de ter sido estafado: a vida laboral no inescrutable labirinto da burocracia espa\u00f1ola, o aburrimento, a falta de <em>Rock and roll<\/em>. Non constru\u00edn nin un s\u00f3 ra\u00f1aceos \u00e1 beira do lago, e o test\u00e1n do ladrillo non me respond\u00eda por m\u00e1is que lle preguntaba que quer\u00eda ser. Foi ent\u00f3n cando comecei a formularme abandonar o barco: \u00e1 fin e ao cabo non son un arquitecto vocacional, \u00bfpor que non empezar de cero? Pronto encontrei a resposta: non o farei porque vin un piar e un incendio.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Un piar <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00a0\u00a0 .<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Existe un piar que fai de\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/arch.et.bme.hu\/kep\/Image744.jpg\">Klippan<\/a> o centro do universo.\u00a0Nese pobo sueco, Lewerentz decatouse de que as b\u00f3vedas cer\u00e1micas pod\u00edan apoiarse en d\u00faas enormes vigas met\u00e1licas e de que estas, \u00e1 s\u00faa vez, pod\u00edan transmitir as cargas a un piar. A un s\u00f3 piar.\u00a0A unha &#8216;T&#8217; na que podemos ver unha alegor\u00eda da cruz ou podemos, pola contra, ver toda a historia da humanidade, mesmo aquela que precedeu \u00e1 conmemorada crucifixi\u00f3n. Porque ante todo, esa vertical dota de significado un lugar; na s\u00faa oposici\u00f3n coa horizontal, co chan, debuxa<em> o axe mundi, o eixe do mundo<\/em>.\u00a0 E en torno a este eixe xiraron dende o inicio dos tempos, aqu\u00ed e al\u00e1, centos de crenzas: as que estudo Mircea Eliade, as que Frampton citou nos seus <em>Estudos sobre cultura tect\u00f3nica<a href=\"#_ftn1\"><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>, e moitas outras das que probablemente nunca oiamos falar. \u00c9, non por casualidade, o mesmo eixe ao que Le Corbusier dedicou o seu <em>Poema do \u00e1ngulo recto<\/em>, a mesma vertical definida polo mastro ao que Ulises se atou para non sucumbir aos cantos de serea.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Non debemos esquecer que os n\u00f3rdicos -Lewerentz o era, non s\u00f3 por nacer en Suecia- sempre foron, por riba de todo, construtores de barcos. Naves lixeiras que remontaron o Volga, que sucaron o B\u00e1ltico e o Mar do Norte para acabar avistando Terra Nova. Herdanza que esparexeron polo sur de Europa<em><a href=\"#_ftn2\"><sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>. Por iso moitos arquitectos do Norte entenderon a importancia da vertical, do mastro ou o piar: Fehn escribiu, acerca do seu proxecto para unha igrexa no porto de Honningsvag: \u2018Dende o seu asento [o mari\u00f1eiro] percibe que o piar ten a mesma dimensi\u00f3n que un mastro. Neste reco\u00f1ecemento s\u00e9ntese seguro. S\u00e9ntase ao lado dese piar, reco\u00f1\u00e9ceo tam\u00e9n co suave tacto dos seus dedos. En mar aberto&#8230; foi un s\u00edmbolo no que creu, o que o trouxo de volta a casa\u2019<em><a href=\"#_ftn3\"><sup><sup>3<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> . \u00c1 s\u00faa vez, estes mastros normandos non son moi diferentes do piar que ocupa o centro do m\u00e1is arcaico templo xinto\u00edsta de Xap\u00f3n<em><a href=\"#_ftn4\"><sup><sup>4<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>, o Gran Templo de Izumo, que evoca unha pasaxe do mito da Creaci\u00f3n: nunha sala de oito brazas constru\u00edda en torno ao <em>Piar do Ceo<\/em> cortex\u00e1ronse Izanami e Izanagi, as deidades primixenias, antes da s\u00faa primeira uni\u00f3n<em><a href=\"#_ftn5\"><sup><sup>5<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" title=\"gravedad_mod\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/gravedad_mod.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"620\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Lewerentz, folga dicilo, non inventou o piar nin o seu simbolismo. Simplemente fixo descansar sobre un deles, condensada, a s\u00faa experiencia de anci\u00e1n e a herdanza de moitos s\u00e9culos de construci\u00f3n de templos e barcos. Lewerentz colocou a\u00ed ese piar para recordarnos que sen gravidade non hai arquitectura.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Un incendio <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Foi o reverendo Simonsen quen deu a J\u00f8rn Utzon unha memorable lecci\u00f3n de arquitectura: \u2018Un espazo sagrado non se fai\u2019 -dixo- \u2018\u00c9 algo que se consagra. Poder\u00eda estar debaixo dunha \u00e1rbore\u2019<a href=\"#_ftn6\"><sup><sup>6<\/sup><\/sup><\/a>. Os que vi\u00f1eron despois, os arquitectos que sucederon ao mestre dan\u00e9s (polo menos os m\u00e1is espertos) asumiron que as\u00ed era. Cando Peter Zumthor constru\u00edu unha <a href=\"http:\/\/wagon-wheel-blog.blogspot.com.es\/2012\/07\/brother-claus-field-chapel-mechernich.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">capela consagrada ao Irm\u00e1n Klaus<\/a>, santo patr\u00f3n de Su\u00edza, decidiu que a soluci\u00f3n era prenderlle lume. Como o b\u00edblico lume purificador, como as sete chamas que coroan na s\u00faa quietude a Menor\u00e1, como aquel outro <a href=\"http:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=Noev4ofXpAA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>incendio<\/em> de Sidonie<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Zumthor fixo constru\u00edr unha estrutura c\u00f3nica de madeira para logo verter sobre ela vinte e catro tongadas de formig\u00f3n noutros tantos d\u00edas. M\u00e1is tarde prendeu lume \u00e1 cimbra; a madeira quedou imprimida no formig\u00f3n e, ao consumirse, definiu o baleiro que dende ent\u00f3n s\u00f3 \u00e9 enchido por unha luz cenital. Esa <em>iluminaci\u00f3n<\/em> \u00e9 o \u00fanico acontecemento que ten lugar no interior dun templo que carece mesmo de altar: no seu lugar encontramos un charco formado pola auga de chuvia e a neve derretida. A capela, co seu \u00f3culo aberto ao ceo, trae \u00e1 mente esa estanza da vila Rotonda por cuxo interior se derrama a luz do sol e a auga de chuvia; tam\u00e9n inevitablemente, ese outro \u00f3culo tan c\u00e9lebre, o que converte a luz en materia densa, case tanxible, nas entra\u00f1as de Roma. Pero Zumthor parece ter tido outras cousas na cabeza: a rudeza do material, a nudez absoluta, o proceso de evisceraci\u00f3n que lle deu forma, suxiren que esa capela \u00e9 debedora das nuraga sardas e das arquitecturas hipogeas de Capadocia, Mattera ou o Sacromonte.<\/p>\n<p>Zumthor queimou aquela cimbra para recordarnos que a arquitectura \u00e9 materia, e que a materia transcende o visible: t\u00f3case, \u00falese, perc\u00edbese nela a cicatriz deixada polo tempo e o lume.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-34378\" title=\"02-materia\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"620\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia-120x120.jpg 120w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Int\u00fao que Klaus, o ermit\u00e1n, estar\u00eda satisfeito. A capela \u00e9rguese hoxe sobre o trigo amarelo, solitaria como un anacoreta; sen luz nin auga corrente, rendida aos elementos, pero firme ante o pulo do tempo e a gravidade. Talvez o lume na cimbra non fose m\u00e1is que un ritual, unha epifan\u00eda previa \u00e1 catarse. Como ese outro incendio en Preferencia antes do gol de Stoja.<\/p>\n<div style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<p>Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo. Doutor arquitecto<\/p>\n<p>A Coru\u00f1a. septiembre 2013<\/p>\n<p>Ilustraci\u00f3ns: El primo Ram\u00f3n (EpR)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notas:<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"#_ftnref1\"><sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Ver Frampton, Kenneth: <em>Estudios sobre cultura tect\u00f3nica<\/em> (Ed. Akal Arquitectura, 1999), p.249<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"#_ftnref2\"><sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Staffan M\u00f6rling, antrop\u00f3logo sueco, \u00e9 quen m\u00e1is afondou no estudo da herdanza n\u00f3rdica na construci\u00f3n das dornas, embarcaci\u00f3ns tradicionais galegas.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\"><em><sup><sup>3<\/sup><\/sup><\/em><\/a> Ver Fjeld, Per Olaf: <em>The thought of Construction<\/em> (Ed. Rizzoli, 1983), p. 46<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"#_ftnref5\"><sup><sup>4<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> \u00c9 recomendable, a este respecto, ler o ensaio &#8216;Tra terra e mare, L&#8217;Architettura dei Sverre Fehn&#8217;, escrito por Francesco Dal Co e inclu\u00eddo en\u00a0<em>Sverre Fehn. Opera Completa<\/em> (Ed. Electa, 1997). Nel, Dal co incide no ancestral parentesco entre as construci\u00f3ns xaponesas e as construci\u00f3ns navais n\u00f3rdicas.<\/p>\n<p><em><a href=\"#_ftnref5\"><sup><sup>5<\/sup><\/sup><\/a><\/em> Ver o ensaio \u2018Kazuo Shinohara: m\u00e1is al\u00e1 de estilos m\u00e1is al\u00e1 da domesticidade\u2019, de Enric Massip-Bosch, en <em>Kazuo Shinohara. Casas<\/em>, 2G n\u00famero 58\/59 (Ed. Gustavo Gili, Barcelona, 2011), p. 14<\/p>\n<p><em><sup><sup>6<\/sup><\/sup><\/em> Ver Puente, Mois\u00e9s<em>: J\u00f8rn Utzon. Conversaciones y otros escritos<\/em> (Ed. Gustavo Gili, Barcelona, 2010), p.55.<\/p>\n<p>[:]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[:es] Nadie en mi barrio conoc\u00eda a Mies Van der Rohe. Los ni\u00f1os no so\u00f1\u00e1bamos con ser Alvar Aalto porque nuestro altar lo ocupaban Bruce Lee, Rocky Balboa, Peio Uralde o Zoran Stojadinovic. Yo, que era un poco raro, a veces cambiaba de objetivo y aspiraba a suceder al gran Semp\u00e9. Los d\u00edas transcurr\u00edan entre [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":17,"featured_media":34378,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[568,5951],"tags":[102,3852,8667,7577,8666,8675,2774,2572,1621,785,3104,865,8671,8668,8670,8669,1726,3636,2353],"class_list":["post-34376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-faro","category-slider-principal","tag-alvar-aalto","tag-borja-lopez-cotelo","tag-enric-massip-bosch","tag-epr","tag-francesco-dal-co","tag-jean-jacques-sempe","tag-jorn-utzon","tag-kazuo-shinohara","tag-kenneth-frampton","tag-le-corbusier","tag-louis-i-kahn","tag-mies-van-der-rohe","tag-mircea-eliade","tag-moises-puente","tag-morling-staffan","tag-per-olaf-fjeld","tag-peter-zumthor","tag-sigurd-lewerentz","tag-sverre-fehn"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>De vocaciones | Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"De vocaciones\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/de-vocaciones-borja-lopez-cotelo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"De vocaciones | Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"De vocaciones\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/de-vocaciones-borja-lopez-cotelo\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"veredes, arquitectura y divulgaci\u00f3n\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/veredesArquitecturayDivulgacion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2013-09-16T06:12:15+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2022-09-02T08:32:35+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/02-materia.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"620\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"620\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@https:\/\/twitter.com\/lineasdetrabajo\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@veredes\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Tiempo de lectura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"7 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/de-vocaciones-borja-lopez-cotelo\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/de-vocaciones-borja-lopez-cotelo\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/0ed637ae44a657b55da8bf9dae752ffb\"},\"headline\":\"[:es]De vocaciones | Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo[:gl]De vocaci\u00f3ns | Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo[:en]Of vocations | Borja Lopez Cotelo[:]\",\"datePublished\":\"2013-09-16T06:12:15+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2022-09-02T08:32:35+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/de-vocaciones-borja-lopez-cotelo\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":3936,\"commentCount\":1,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/de-vocaciones-borja-lopez-cotelo\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/veredes.es\\\/blog\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2013\\\/09\\\/02-materia.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Alvar Aalto\",\"Borja L\u00f3pez Cotelo\",\"enric massip-bosch\",\"epR\",\"francesco dal co\",\"Jean-Jacques Semp\u00e9\",\"J\u00f8rn Utzon\",\"Kazuo Shinohara\",\"Kenneth Frampton\",\"Le Corbusier\",\"Louis I. 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