{"id":34316,"date":"2013-09-20T06:38:31","date_gmt":"2013-09-20T06:38:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/?p=34316"},"modified":"2022-07-18T18:17:36","modified_gmt":"2022-07-18T16:17:36","slug":"el-dispositivo-muro-ventana-santiago-carvajal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/el-dispositivo-muro-ventana-santiago-carvajal\/","title":{"rendered":"[:es]El dispositivo muro-ventana | Santiago Carvajal[:gl]O dispositivo muro-fiestra | Santiago Carvajal[:en]The device wall-window | Santiago Carvajal[:]"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[:es]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El siguiente texto nace de la inquietud generada a partir de la revisi\u00f3n entrometida a dos proyectos de Le Corbusier: La peque\u00f1a casa en Corseaux-Vevey de 1923 y la villa Savoye de 1928, me he preguntado el por qu\u00e9 la colocaci\u00f3n de muros y ventanas en donde aparentemente no hace falta, la una en la terraza de la villa Savoye y la otra en el jard\u00edn sur de la casa Corseaux-Vevey. Algo que me resulta extra\u00f1o es que en ambos proyectos se construye un muro frente a unas magnificas vistas, y esto es algo que a trav\u00e9s de el siguiente texto me tratare de responder.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pienso que hallando respuesta a estas preguntas es posible encontrar valores, que aparentemente insignificantes, sirvan para proyectar; intuyo que es posible encontrar estas respuestas en el origen mismo de la arquitectura, y es justamente por ah\u00ed donde inicio. Como estrategia, se reconocen, tres aspectos para el desarrollo de esta indagaci\u00f3n, objeto, tema y problema, en este caso el objeto son dos obras de Le Corbusier, el tema son estos muros-ventanas en particular, y el problema es el por qu\u00e9 de la disposici\u00f3n de estos en lugares aparentemente casuales. Para ello me pregunto,<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00bfqu\u00e9 es arquitectura?, \u00bfcu\u00e1l es su cometido?, \u00bfcu\u00e1l es su origen?<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pienso en los or\u00edgenes de la arquitectura, mucho antes de los c\u00e1nones cl\u00e1sicos de belleza, de sus \u00f3rdenes, de Vitruvio. Algunos autores sostienen que el origen de la arquitectura se encuentra en la caba\u00f1a primitiva, conformada por troncos de \u00e1rboles y pieles de animales, dispuestos de alguna manera para que, bajo ella, pueda albergarse una o un grupo de personas, el gesto primigenio, disponer de una cubierta que los proteja de la intemperie y de la inmensidad del planeta en esa remota \u00e9poca. Si vamos m\u00e1s atr\u00e1s en el tiempo, se dice que, la primera arquitectura son las cavernas, esa concavidad de superficie rocosa, h\u00fameda y oscura, invadida y domesticada por el hombre para asegurarse un refugio.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34329\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34329\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34329\" title=\"2001 a space odyssey, el amanecer del hombre, director Stanley Kubrick, 1968\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"422\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968-300x168.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34329\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">2001: a space odyssey, el amanecer del hombre, director Stanley Kubrick, 1968.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As\u00ed, uno de los gestos primigenios de la arquitectura es el de establecer relaciones con el mundo, permitir al hombre, orientarse con respecto a la geograf\u00eda que le rodea, a las monta\u00f1as, el alba, el ocaso. Bajo esta reflexi\u00f3n, revisemos entonces algunos proyectos de Le Corbusier, y veamos lo que podemos encontrar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La residencia Corseaux-Vevey (latitud 46\u00b028` N, longitud 6\u00b049` E), organiza sus espacios a lo largo de una ventana horizontal, orientada hacia el sur, aprovechando as\u00ed, en esta latitud norte, la luz solar austral y en especial la escasa luz rasante de invierno. Su fachada norte, es un muro ciego con moderadas aberturas que protege a la casa de los vientos fr\u00edos del norte. En la esquina Sur-Este se dispone un patio conformado por un muro, una mesa y un \u00e1rbol que acompa\u00f1a el espacio a manera de una sombrilla, el muro agujereado a manera de una ventana, orientado hacia el sur, encuadra sus vistas hacia el lago L\u00e9man, sobre \u00e9l, de tanto en tanto aparece un bote, al fondo el espect\u00e1culo de las monta\u00f1as de los Alpes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34330\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34330\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34330\" title=\"Boceto casa en Corseaux-Vevey. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 150.\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"577\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150.-300x230.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34330\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Boceto casa en Corseaux-Vevey. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 150.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201cEl problema planteado: una casa para dos personas solas, sin servicio domestico. Regi\u00f3n: el extremo este del lago L\u00e9man; a orillas del lago en la ladera dominante; vista frontal al sur. Se procedi\u00f3 de forma contraria a lo acostumbrado: se estableci\u00f3 el plan riguroso de la casa, funcional, respondiendo exactamente al programa, verdadera peque\u00f1a m\u00e1quina para vivir. Luego, con el plano en el bolsillo, se busco el terreno que podr\u00eda convenir<\/em>\u201d.<sup><sup>1<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c.\u2026 <em>haciendo entrar en la casa la grandeza de un lugar magnifico: el lago, con su movimiento, los Alpes, con el milagro de la luz<\/em>\u201d.<sup><sup>2<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34331\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34331\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34331\" title=\"Fotograf\u00eda casa en Corseaux-Vevey, hacia los Alpes Fuente desconocida\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"1146\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg 589w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida-196x300.jpg 196w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34331\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Fotograf\u00eda casa en Corseaux-Vevey, hacia los Alpes | Fuente desconocida<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Este recurso de encuadrar el paisaje lo encontramos en la villa Savoye, (latitud 48\u00b055` N, longitud 2\u00b001` E), cuando al final de la rampa y de toda la promenade se dispone de un muro agujereado a manera de una ventana. En la terraza a trav\u00e9s de este muro horadado, se aprecia la naturaleza desde un punto m\u00e1s elevado, esto es al nivel de las copas de los arboles.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34328\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34328\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34328\" title=\"Terraza Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209.\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"495\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209.-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209.-160x105.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34328\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terraza Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Algui\u00e9n pensar\u00e1 que la colocaci\u00f3n de estas ventanas es un caso fortuito o aislado, pues as\u00ed lo hice, pero al inspeccionar los carnets de viajes de Le Corbusier, vemos que, este recurso es vislumbrado por Jeanneret ya en 1911, antes siquiera que haya construido sus celebres obras, esto lo atestigua sus dibujos de viaje a oriente, traves\u00eda en donde el joven Jeanneret explora el mundo observ\u00e1ndolo de una manera atenta y aguda. Durante cuatro a\u00f1os se dedico a estudiar edificios y lugares, tomando nota, dibujando, midiendo, y cuestion\u00e1ndose cosas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Espec\u00edficamente en el croquis de la cartuja de Ema, ubicada en las cercan\u00edas de Florencia, al final del pasillo en las celdas de los monjes, una ventana enmarca el paisaje de toscana, este hecho es registrado y valorizado por el joven Jeanneret a trav\u00e9s del dibujo, n\u00f3tese como el horizonte de las monta\u00f1as y su vertical, la columna del pasillo, forman un \u00e1ngulo de 90 grados, este croquis es acompa\u00f1ado por otro que consiste en una planta de una de las celdas de la Cartuja donde traza una flecha con la palabra vue, esto es, la vista desde el alto pasillo de la c\u00e9lula, hacia el tenue reflejo de la luz del valle, junto con el sinuoso perfil del horizonte Italiano, n\u00f3tese que el punto de la columna en planta, esta fuerte mente trazada.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34335\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34335\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34335\" title=\"Terraza Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209- Boceto de la planta de la Cartuja de Ema. Procedencia JEANNER\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"209\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER-300x83.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34335\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Perspectiva de Cartuja hacia horizonte. Procedencia: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milano, 2002. Carnet 6.p.15 | Boceto de la planta de la Cartuja de Ema. Procedencia: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milano, 2002. Carnet 6.p.13.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Otro de sus bocetos, registra esta manera de apreciar la naturaleza, boceto realizado en su visita al monte Athos, desde su habitaci\u00f3n del hotel karyes en la sagrada monta\u00f1a, dibuja, a la derecha de su composici\u00f3n el monte, una pir\u00e1mide vertical, vegetaci\u00f3n en sus faldas, y a la izquierda vista infinita hacia el mar horizontal en reposo, desde su habitaci\u00f3n, Jeanneret dibuja, piensa<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<em>poseo lo que veo<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34327\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34327\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34327\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-de-monte-Athos-desde-el-hotel-Karyes.-Procedencia-JEANNERET-Ch.-Edouard-Voyage-d\u2019-Orient-Carnets-Electraarchitecture-Foundation-L.C.-Mi.jpg\" alt=\"Boceto de monte Athos desde el hotel Karyes. Procedencia: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milano, 2002. Carnet 3 .p.53\" width=\"750\" height=\"435\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-de-monte-Athos-desde-el-hotel-Karyes.-Procedencia-JEANNERET-Ch.-Edouard-Voyage-d\u2019-Orient-Carnets-Electraarchitecture-Foundation-L.C.-Mi.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-de-monte-Athos-desde-el-hotel-Karyes.-Procedencia-JEANNERET-Ch.-Edouard-Voyage-d\u2019-Orient-Carnets-Electraarchitecture-Foundation-L.C.-Mi-300x174.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34327\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #999999;\">Boceto de monte Athos desde el hotel Karyes. Procedencia: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milano, 2002. Carnet 3 .p.53<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Esta sensibilidad, no solamente se observa en sus dibujos, sino tambi\u00e9n se lee en sus apuntes registrados en su libro Le Voyage d\u00b4Orient, publicado poco antes de su muerte, el texto registra las agudas impresiones de su visita al Athos.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<em>Los cipreses eran negros, el convento del gris m\u00e1s delicado, los olivares de plata verdosa y el cielo de un verde crudo invadido por un violeta venido del mar y de las blancas estrellas del z\u00e9nit, que entraron en escena en ese decorado m\u00f3vil cuya rampa luminosa se iba apagando\u2026<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>3<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El monasterio de la Tourette de 1953 (latitud 45\u00b049` N, longitud 4\u00b037` E), est\u00e1 conformado por tres bloques de celdas que giran en torno a un claustro, orientadas cada una hacia el Este, Sur y Oeste, el conjunto est\u00e1 delimitado en su fachada Norte por la iglesia, esta cierra todo el conjunto como un gran muro ciego que protege al claustro de los vientos fr\u00edos del Norte, con respecto a la disposici\u00f3n de estos bloques, hay algo que siempre me ha llamado la atenci\u00f3n, que es la separaci\u00f3n que existe entre los bloques de celdas y la iglesia, es algo que hasta hace poco, no consegu\u00eda entrever plenamente la raz\u00f3n definitiva de esta operaci\u00f3n, existen varios motivos de esta separaci\u00f3n, el que considero m\u00e1s potente es dejar este vac\u00edo para que la misma arquitectura encuadre el paisaje, una operaci\u00f3n aparentemente inocente, que al ser tan obvia, personalmente, la hab\u00eda dejado pasar por alto, pero es justamente ah\u00ed en donde la buena arquitectura se hace presente.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El monasterio de La Tourette, un dispositivo que incentiva al hombre a tener una aproximaci\u00f3n contemplativa hacia la naturaleza y el paisaje, de una manera silenciosa, de meditaci\u00f3n, es precisamente lo que incentiva a los monjes, a reflexionar sobre el lugar en el que habitan. El espacio entre la iglesia y las dem\u00e1s dependencias enmarcan el paisaje de una manera monumental por su tama\u00f1o, (recordemos las peque\u00f1as ventanas en los dos proyectos anteriores). Elementos arquitect\u00f3nicos como: el balc\u00f3n, las \u201cmetralletas de luz\u201d de la sacrist\u00eda, la rampa, la chimenea, y el puente en la terraza, crean una fuerte composici\u00f3n escult\u00f3rica, entre paisaje natural y paisaje construido.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34326\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34326\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34326\" title=\"Monasterio de la Tourette fondationlecorbusier.fr\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"1085\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg 622w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_-207x300.jpg 207w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34326\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Monasterio de la Tourette | fondationlecorbusier.fr<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El primer trazo de arquitectura comienza con el hombre y su actitud con respecto a la situaci\u00f3n geogr\u00e1fica en la que habita. Eligiendo el lugar se comete el acto criminal o valedero de la arquitectura. Tomando conciencia de c\u00f3mo es su topograf\u00eda, el horizonte, el c\u00edclico recorrido del sol en el transcurso del d\u00eda, Le Corbusier toma decisiones de proyecto. Horizonte, orientaci\u00f3n solar y topograf\u00eda son factores del lugar que esperan ser proyectados y vivenciados. En este caso, Le Corbusier toma estos elementos del lugar para trazarlos como parte del proyecto.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34325\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34325\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34325\" title=\"Tourette-Copan\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan-300x167.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34325\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terraza Monasterio de la Tourette. Procedencia: COPANS, Richard, Le couvent de la Tourette, video.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Si damos repaso al libro Acerca del Purismo de Ozenfant y Jeanneret, en la pagina sesenta y ocho, reconoc\u00edan como un valor del arte el ser capaz de percibir el orden de la naturaleza<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<em>Uno de los mayores deleites del esp\u00edritu humano es percibir el orden de la naturaleza y medir su propia participaci\u00f3n en el orden de las cosas; la obra de arte nos parece que es un trabajo de ordenaci\u00f3n, una obra maestra de orden humano<\/em>\u201d.<sup><sup>4<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As\u00ed, el Monasterio de la Tourette toma posici\u00f3n con respecto al mundo, su arquitectura se convierten en la medida que hace mensurable y por lo tanto apreciable a la geograf\u00eda, y al paisaje, permite a su habitante reconocer el orden de la naturaleza y medir su participaci\u00f3n en ese orden. Todo empieza a cobrar sentido cuando inspeccionamos otras obras de Le Corbusier.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00bfLa clave de su arquitectura? Un dispositivo, hacer al paisaje conmensurable, apreciable, ya que<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201c\u2026 el paisaje omnipresente sobre todos los frentes, omnipotente, acaba cansando\u2026 \u00bfHab\u00e9is observado que en tales condiciones no se le mira m\u00e1s? Para que el paisaje sea tenido en cuenta es preciso limitarlo\u2026\u201d<\/em> <sup><sup>5<\/sup><\/sup>,<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">y as\u00ed lo hace, en el pabell\u00f3n l&#8217;Esprit Nouveau de 1924, el departamento Beistegui de 1929, en la Unit\u00e9 d&#8217;habitation de Marsella de 1945, en el Monasterio de la Tourette de 1953, su arquitectura intensifica la experiencia del espectador hacia el paisaje, la clave, un muro alto, tras \u00e9l se oculta la ciudad, ala ves que este muro hace de base para el espect\u00e1culo del horizonte lejano, las monta\u00f1as, las nubes, la luminosidad del cielo desde el amanecer hasta el atardecer, con todos sus colores. Estar en la terraza de la Unit\u00e9 de Marsella es estar en la cubierta de un transatl\u00e1ntico varado a orillas de Marsella, entre el mar y las monta\u00f1as.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>\u00bfCu\u00e1ntas personas pagan por un crucero cada a\u00f1o, pudiendo vivir en uno? <\/strong><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">En la terraza, alejados del ruido de la ciudad, descanso, sol, espacio, aire, teatro, esparcimiento, deporte.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34324\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34324\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-34324\" title=\"Terraza de la Unit\u00e9 de Marsella Fotograf\u00eda Akihito Morita panoramio.com\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"750\" height=\"502\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34324\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terraza de la Unit\u00e9 de Marsella | Fotograf\u00eda: Akihito Morita | panoramio.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201cCreo que al menos una vez en la vida el hombre deber\u00eda concentrar su mente en el recuerdo de la tierra. Deber\u00eda entregarse a un paisaje de su vida. En particular, mirarlo desde tantos \u00e1ngulos como pueda, preguntarse acerca de \u00e9ste, morar en \u00e9l\u2026 Me interesa la manera en que un hombre mira un determinado paisaje y toma posesi\u00f3n de \u00e9ste en su cuerpo y en su mente<\/em>\u201d.<sup><sup>6<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Santiago Carvajal. arquitecto<br \/>\nCuenca (Ecuador). septiembre 2013<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notas:<br \/>\n1. BALTAN\u00c1S, Jos\u00e9, Le Corbusier, promenades,<br \/>\nGustavo Gili, Barcelona 2005.p.37<br \/>\n2. Ibidem.p.38<br \/>\n3. JEANNERET, Charles Edouard, Le Voyage d\u00b4Orient,<br \/>\nColegio oficial de aparejadores y arquitectos t\u00e9cnicos de Madrid, 1984. Extracto p. 145<br \/>\n4. OZENFANT, Am\u00e9d\u00e9e, JEANNERET, Charles Edouard, Acerca del Purismo escritos1918-1926,<br \/>\nMadrid, El croquis editorial, 1993, p. 68.<br \/>\n5. BALTAN\u00c1S, Jos\u00e9, Le Corbusier, promenades,<br \/>\nGustavo Gili, Barcelona 2005.p.37<\/p>\n<p>[:gl]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O seguinte texto nace da inquietude xerada a partir da revisi\u00f3n entremetida a dous proxectos de Le Corbusier: A pequena casa en Corseaux-Vevey de 1923 e a vila Savoye de 1928, pregunteime o por que a colocaci\u00f3n de muros e vent\u00e1s onde aparentemente non fai falta, a unha na terraza da vila Savoye e a outra no xard\u00edn sur da casa Corseaux-Vevey. Algo que me resulta estra\u00f1o \u00e9 que en ambos os dous proxectos se constr\u00fae un muro fronte a unhas magnificas vistas, e isto \u00e9 algo que a trav\u00e9s do seguinte texto se me tratar de responder. Penso que achando resposta a estas preguntas \u00e9 posible encontrar valores, que aparentemente insignificantes, sirvan para proxectar; int\u00fao que \u00e9 posible encontrar estas respostas na orixe mesma da arquitectura, e \u00e9 xustamente por a\u00ed onde inicio. Como estratexia, reco\u00f1\u00e9cense, tres aspectos para o desenvolvemento desta indagaci\u00f3n, obxecto, tema e problema, neste caso o obxecto son d\u00faas obras de Le Corbusier, o tema son estes muros-vent\u00e1s en particular, e o problema \u00e9 o por que da disposici\u00f3n destes en lugares aparentemente casuais. Para iso preg\u00fantome, \u00bfque \u00e9 arquitectura?,\u00bfcal \u00e9 o seu labor?, \u00bfcal \u00e9 a s\u00faa orixe?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Penso nas orixes da arquitectura, moito antes dos canons cl\u00e1sicos de beleza, das s\u00faas ordes, de Vitruvio. Alg\u00fans autores soste\u00f1en que a orixe da arquitectura se encontra na cabana primitiva, conformada por madeiros de \u00e1rbores e peles de animais, dispostos dalg\u00fan xeito para que, baixo ela, poida albergarse unha ou un grupo de persoas, o xesto primixenio, dispo\u00f1er dunha cuberta que os protexa da intemperie e da inmensidade do planeta nesa remota \u00e9poca. Se imos m\u00e1is atr\u00e1s no tempo, dise que, a primeira arquitectura son as cavernas, esa concavidade de superficie rochosa, h\u00famida e escura, invadida e domesticada polo home para asegurarse un refuxio.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34329\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34329\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34329\" title=\"2001 a space odyssey, el amanecer del hombre, director Stanley Kubrick, 1968\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"349\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968-300x168.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34329\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">2001: a space odyssey, o ama\u00f1ecer do home, director Stanley Kubrick, 1968.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">As\u00ed, un dos xestos primixenios da arquitectura \u00e9 o de establecer relaci\u00f3ns co mundo, permitir ao home, orientarse con respecto \u00e1 xeograf\u00eda que lle rodea, \u00e1s monta\u00f1as, a alba, o ocaso. Baixo esta reflexi\u00f3n, revisemos ent\u00f3n alg\u00fans proxectos de Le Corbusier, e vexamos o que podemos encontrar.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A residencia Corseaux-Vevey (latitude 46\u00b0 28&#8242; N, lonxitude 6\u00b0 49&#8242; E), organiza os seus espazos ao longo dunha vent\u00e1 horizontal, orientado cara ao sur, aproveitando as\u00ed, nesta latitude norte, a luz solar austral e en especial a escasa luz rasante de inverno. A s\u00faa fachada norte, \u00e9 un muro cego con moderadas aberturas que protexe \u00e1 casa dos ventos fr\u00edos do norte. Na esquina Sur-Leste disponse un patio conformado por un muro, unha mesa e unha \u00e1rbore que acompa\u00f1a o espazo a xeito dunha antuca, o muro perforado a xeito dunha vent\u00e1, orientado cara ao sur, encadra as s\u00faas vistas cara ao lago L\u00e9man, sobre el, de tanto en tanto aparece un bote, ao fondo o espect\u00e1culo das monta\u00f1as do Alpes.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34330\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34330\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34330\" title=\"Boceto casa en Corseaux-Vevey. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 150.\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150.-300x230.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34330\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Bosquexo\u00a0casa en Corseaux-Vevey. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 150.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201c<em><\/em>O problema formulado: unha casa para d\u00faas persoas soas, sen servizo domestico. Rexi\u00f3n: o extremo este do lago L\u00e9man; a beiras do lago na aba dominante; vista frontal ao sur. Procedeuse de forma contraria ao afeito: estableceuse o plan rigoroso da casa, funcional, respondendo exactamente ao programa, verdadeira pequena m\u00e1quina para vivir. Logo, co plano no peto, se busco o terreo que poder\u00eda convir.<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<em><\/em>&#8230; <em>facendo entrar na casa a grandeza dun lugar magnifico: o lago, co seu movemento, o Alpes, co milagre da luz.<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34331\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34331\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-34331\" title=\"Fotograf\u00eda casa en Corseaux-Vevey, hacia los Alpes   Fuente desconocida\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"948\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg 589w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida-196x300.jpg 196w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34331\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Fotograf\u00eda casa en Corseaux-Vevey, cara os Alpes | Fonte desco\u00f1ecida<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Este recurso de encadrar a paisaxe encontr\u00e1molo na vila Savoye, (latitude 48\u00b0 55&#8242; N, lonxitude 2\u00b0 01&#8242; L), cando ao final da rampla e de toda a promenade se disp\u00f3n dun muro perforado a xeito dunha vent\u00e1. Na terraza a trav\u00e9s deste muro horadado, apr\u00e9ciase a natureza dende un punto m\u00e1is elevado, isto \u00e9 ao nivel das copas das \u00e1rbores.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34328\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34328\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34328\" title=\"Terraza Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209.\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209.-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209.-160x105.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34328\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terraza Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Algu\u00e9n pensar\u00e1 que a colocaci\u00f3n destas vent\u00e1s \u00e9 un caso fortu\u00edto ou illado, pois as\u00ed f\u00edxeno, pero ao inspeccionar os carn\u00e9s de viaxes de Le Corbusier, vemos que, este recurso \u00e9 enxergado por Jeanneret xa en 1911, antes sequera que constru\u00edse as s\u00faas celebres obras, isto testem\u00fa\u00f1ao os seus debuxos de viaxe a oriente, traves\u00eda onde o mozo Jeanneret explora o mundo observ\u00e1ndoo dun xeito atento e agudo. Durante catro anos se dedico a estudar edificios e lugares, tomando nota, debuxando, medindo, e cuestion\u00e1ndose cousas.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Especificamente no esbozo da cartuxa de Ema, situada nas proximidades de Florencia, ao final do corredor nas celas dos monxes, unha vent\u00e1 enmarca a paisaxe de toscana, este feito \u00e9 rexistrado e valorizado polo mozo Jeanneret a trav\u00e9s do debuxo, n\u00f3tese como o horizonte das monta\u00f1as e a s\u00faa vertical, a columna do corredor, forman un \u00e1ngulo de 90 graos, este esbozo \u00e9 acompa\u00f1ado por outro que consiste nunha planta dunha das celas da Cartuxa onde traza unha frecha coa palabra vue, isto \u00e9, a vista dende o alto corredor da c\u00e9lula, cara ao tenue reflexo da luz do val, xunto co sinuoso perfil do horizonte Italiano, n\u00f3tese que o punto da columna en planta, esta forte mente trazada.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34335\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34335\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-34335\" title=\"Terraza Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209- Boceto de la planta de la Cartuja de Ema. Procedencia JEANNER\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER-300x83.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34335\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Perspectiva da Cartuxa hacia horizonte. Procedencia: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milano, 2002. Carnet 6.p.15 |\u00a0Bosquexo da planta da Cartuxa de Ema. Procedencia: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milano, 2002. Carnet 6.p.13.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Outro dos seus bosquexos, rexistra este xeito de apreciar a natureza, bosquexo realizado na s\u00faa visita ao monte Athos, dende o seu cuarto do hotel karyes na sagrada monta\u00f1a, debuxa, \u00e1 dereita da s\u00faa composici\u00f3n o monte, unha pir\u00e1mide vertical, vexetaci\u00f3n nas s\u00faas faldras, e \u00e1 esquerda vista infinita cara ao mar horizontal en repouso, dende o seu cuarto, Jeanneret debuxa, pensa\u00a0\u201c<em>pos\u00fao o que vexo<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34327\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34327\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-de-monte-Athos-desde-el-hotel-Karyes.-Procedencia-JEANNERET-Ch.-Edouard-Voyage-d%e2%80%99-Orient-Carnets-Electraarchitecture-Foundation-L.C.-Mi.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34327\" title=\"Boceto de monte Athos desde el hotel Karyes. Procedencia JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Mi\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-de-monte-Athos-desde-el-hotel-Karyes.-Procedencia-JEANNERET-Ch.-Edouard-Voyage-d%e2%80%99-Orient-Carnets-Electraarchitecture-Foundation-L.C.-Mi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"360\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34327\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Bosquexo\u00a0do monte Athos dende o hotel Karyes. Procedencia: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milano, 2002. Carnet 3 .p.53<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Esta sensibilidade, non soamente se observa nos seus debuxos, sen\u00f3n tam\u00e9n se le nos seus apuntamentos rexistrados no seu libro Le Voyage d\u00b4Orient, publicado pouco antes da s\u00faa morte, o texto rexistra as agudas impresi\u00f3ns da s\u00faa visita ao Athos.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<em>Os cipreses eran negros, o convento do gris m\u00e1is delicado, os oliveirais de prata verdosa e o ceo dun verde cru invadido por un violeta vido do mar e das brancas estrelas do z\u00e9nit, que entraron en escena nese decorado m\u00f3bil cuxa rampla luminosa se \u00eda apagando&#8230;<\/em> \u201d <sup><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O mosteiro da Tourette de 1953 (latitude 45\u00b0 49&#8242; N, lonxitude 4\u00b0 37&#8242; E), est\u00e1 conformado por tres bloques de celas que xiran en torno a un claustro, orientadas cada unha cara ao Leste, Sur e Oeste, o conxunto est\u00e1 delimitado na s\u00faa fachada Norte pola igrexa, esta pecha todo o conxunto como un gran muro cego que protexe ao claustro dos ventos fr\u00edos do Norte, con respecto \u00e1 disposici\u00f3n destes bloques, hai algo que sempre me chamou a atenci\u00f3n, que \u00e9 a separaci\u00f3n que existe entre os bloques de celas e a igrexa, \u00e9 algo que ata fai pouco, non consegu\u00eda entrever plenamente a raz\u00f3n definitiva desta operaci\u00f3n, existen varios motivos desta separaci\u00f3n, o que considero m\u00e1is potente \u00e9 deixar este baleiro para que a mesma arquitectura encadre a paisaxe, unha operaci\u00f3n aparentemente inocente, que ao ser tan obvia, persoalmente, a deixara pasar por alto, pero \u00e9 xustamente a\u00ed onde a boa arquitectura faise presente. O mosteiro de La Tourette, un dispositivo que incentiva o home a ter unha aproximaci\u00f3n contemplativa cara \u00e1 natureza e a paisaxe, dun xeito silencioso, de meditaci\u00f3n, \u00e9 precisamente o que incentiva os monxes, a reflexionar sobre o lugar no que habitan. O espazo entre a igrexa e as demais dependencias enmarcan a paisaxe dun xeito monumental polo seu tama\u00f1o, (recordemos as pequenas vent\u00e1s nos dous proxectos anteriores). Elementos arquitect\u00f3nicos como: o balc\u00f3n, as \u201cmetralletas de luz\u201d da sancrist\u00eda, a rampla, a cheminea, e a ponte na terraza, crean unha forte composici\u00f3n escult\u00f3rica, entre paisaxe natural e paisaxe constru\u00edda.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34326\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34326\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-34326\" title=\"Monasterio de la Tourette  fondationlecorbusier.fr\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"897\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg 622w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_-207x300.jpg 207w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34326\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Mosteiro da Tourette | fondationlecorbusier.fr<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">O primeiro trazo de arquitectura comeza co home e a s\u00faa actitude con respecto \u00e1 situaci\u00f3n xeogr\u00e1fica na que habita. Elixindo o lugar com\u00e9tese o acto criminal ou valedoiro da arquitectura. Tomando conciencia de como \u00e9 a s\u00faa topograf\u00eda, o horizonte, o c\u00edclico percorrido do sol no transcurso do d\u00eda, Le Corbusier toma decisi\u00f3ns de proxecto. Horizonte, orientaci\u00f3n solar e topograf\u00eda son factores do lugar que esperan ser proxectados e vivenciados. Neste caso, Le Corbusier toma estes elementos do lugar para trazalos como parte do proxecto.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34325\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34325\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34325\" title=\"Tourette-Copan\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan-300x167.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34325\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terraza Mosteiro de la Tourette. Procedencia: COPANS, Richard, Le couvent de la Tourette, video.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Se damos repaso ao libro acerca do Purismo de Ozenfant e Jeanneret, en pax\u00ednaa sesenta e oito, reco\u00f1ec\u00edan como un valor da arte o ser capaz de percibir a orde da natureza \u201c<em>Un dos maiores deleites do esp\u00edrito humano \u00e9 percibir a orde da natureza e medir a s\u00faa propia participaci\u00f3n na orde das cousas; a obra de arte par\u00e9cenos que \u00e9 un traballo de ordenaci\u00f3n, unha obra mestra de orde humana.<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/sup> As\u00ed, o Mosteiro da Tourette toma posici\u00f3n con respecto ao mundo, a s\u00faa arquitectura conv\u00e9rtense na medida que fai mensurable e polo tanto apreciable \u00e1 xeograf\u00eda, e \u00e1 paisaxe, permite ao seu habitante reco\u00f1ecer a orde da natureza e medir a s\u00faa participaci\u00f3n nesa orde. Todo empeza a cobrar sentido cando inspeccionamos outras obras de Le Corbusier.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00bfA clave da s\u00faa arquitectura? Un dispositivo, facer \u00e1 paisaxe conmensurable, apreciable xa que <em>\u201c\u2026 a paisaxe omnipresente sobre todas as frontes, omnipotente, acaba cansando&#8230; \u00bfObservaschedes que en tales condici\u00f3ns non se lle mira m\u00e1is? Para que a paisaxe sexa tida en conta \u00e9 preciso limitalo&#8230; \u201d<\/em> <sup><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/sup>, e as\u00ed faino, no pavill\u00f3n l&#8217;Esprit Nouveau de 1924, o departamento Beistegui de 1929, na Unit\u00e9 d&#8217;habitation de Marsella de 1945, no Mosteiro da Tourette de 1953, a s\u00faa arquitectura intensifica a experiencia do espectador cara \u00e1 paisaxe, a clave, un muro alto, tras el oc\u00faltase a cidade, \u00e1 ves que este muro fai de base para o espect\u00e1culo do horizonte afastado, as monta\u00f1as, as nubes, a luminosidade do ceo dende o ama\u00f1ecer ata o atardecer, con todas as s\u00faas cores. Estar na terraza da Unit\u00e9 de Marsella \u00e9 estar na cuberta dun transatl\u00e1ntico varado a beiras de Marsella, entre o mar e as monta\u00f1as. \u00bfCantas persoas pagan por un cruceiro cada ano, podendo vivir nun? Na terraza, afastados do ru\u00eddo da cidade, descanso, sol, espazo, aire, teatro, esparexemento, deporte.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34324\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34324\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34324\" title=\"Terraza de la Unit\u00e9 de Marsella   Fotograf\u00eda Akihito Morita   panoramio.com\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34324\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terraza da Unit\u00e9 de Marsella | Fotograf\u00eda: Akihito Morita | panoramio.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201cCreo que polo menos unha vez na vida o home deber\u00eda concentrar a s\u00faa mente no recordo da terra. Deber\u00eda entregarse a unha paisaxe da s\u00faa vida. En particular, miralo dende tantos \u00e1ngulos como poida, preguntarse acerca deste, morar nel&#8230; me interesa o xeito en que un home mira unha determinada paisaxe e toma posesi\u00f3n deste no seu corpo e na s\u00faa mente<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Santiago Carvajal. arquitecto<\/p>\n<p>Cuenca (Ecuador). setembro 2013<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notas:<\/p>\n<p>1. BALTAN\u00c1S, Jos\u00e9, Le Corbusier, promenades,<\/p>\n<p>Gustavo Gili, Barcelona 2005.p.37<\/p>\n<p>2. Ibidem.p.38<\/p>\n<p>3. JEANNERET, Charles Edouard, Le Voyage d\u00b4Orient,<\/p>\n<p>Colexio oficial de aparelladores e arquitectos t\u00e9cnicos de Madrid, 1984. Extracto p. 145<\/p>\n<p>4. OZENFANT, Am\u00e9d\u00e9e, JEANNERET, Charles Edouard, Acerca del Purismo escritos1918-1926,<\/p>\n<p>Madrid, El croquis editorial, 1993, p. 68.<\/p>\n<p>5. BALTAN\u00c1S, Jos\u00e9, Le Corbusier, promenades,<\/p>\n<p>Gustavo Gili, Barcelona 2005.p.37[:en]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The following text is born of the worry generated from the review meddled to two projects of Le Corbusier: The small house in Corseaux-Vevey of 1923 and the villa Savoye of 1928, I have wondered why the placement of walls and windows where seemingly it is not necessary to have, the one in the terrace of the villa Savoye and other one in the south garden of the house Corseaux-Vevey. Something that me turns out to be strange is that in both projects a wall constructs itself opposite to a few magnificent conference, and this is something that across the following text will treat me of answering. Fodder that finding response to these questions is possible to find values, which seemingly insignificant, they serve to project; I feel that it is possible to find these answers in the origin itself of the architecture, and it is exactly thereabouts where I initiate.\u00a0As strategy, they are recognized, three aspects for the development of this investigation, object, topic and problem, in this case the object they are two works of Le Corbusier, the topic they are these walls &#8211; windows especially, and the problem is why of the disposition of these in seemingly chance places. For it I wonder, what is an architecture?, which is his assignment?, which is his origin?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">I think about the origins of the architecture, a long before the classic c\u00e1nones of beauty, of his orders, of Vitruvio. Some authors hold that the origin of the architecture is in the primitive cabin shaped by trunks of trees and skins of animals, arranged somehow in order that, under her, it could shelter one or one group of persons, the original gesture, have of a cover that protects them from the outdoors and from the immensity of the planet in this remote epoch. If we go more behind in the time, it is said that, the first architecture it are the caverns, this concavity of rocky, surface humid and dark, invaded and domesticated by the man to assure a refuge him.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34329\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34329\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34329\" title=\"2001 a space odyssey, el amanecer del hombre, director Stanley Kubrick, 1968\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"349\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/2001-a-space-odyssey-el-amanecer-del-hombre-director-Stanley-Kubrick-1968-300x168.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34329\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">2001: To space odyssey, the dawn of the man, the director Stanley Kubrick, 1968.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This way, one of the original gestures of the architecture is of establishing relations with the world, allowing the man, to be orientated with regard to the geography that surrounds, to the mountains, the dawn, the west. Under this reflection, let&#8217;s check at the time some projects of Him Corbusier, and let&#8217;s see what we can find.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The residence Corseaux-Vevey (latitude 46\u00b028 ` N, length 6\u00b049 ` E), organizes his spaces along a horizontal window orientated towards the south, taking advantage this way, in this north latitude, of the solar austral light and especially the scanty low winter light. His north front, it is a blind wall with moderate openings that it protects to the house of the cold winds of the north. In the corner South &#8211; East arranges a court shaped by a wall, a table and a tree that accompanies the space like a parasol, the wall pierced like a window, orientated towards the south, fits his conference towards the lake L\u00e9man, on him, of so much while a boat appears, to the bottom the spectacle of the mountains of the Alps.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34330\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34330\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34330\" title=\"Boceto casa en Corseaux-Vevey. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 150.\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"477\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150..jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-150.-300x230.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34330\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Sketch marries in\u00a0Corseaux-Vevey. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 150.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201c<em><\/em>The raised problem: a house for two alone persons, without service I domesticate. Region: the this end of the lake L\u00e9man; on the banks of the lake in the dominant hillside; frontal sight in the southern part. One came from form opposite to the used thing: there was established the rigorous plan of the house, functional, answering exactly to the program, real small machine to live. Then, with the plane in the pocket, I look for the area that might be convenient.<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<em><\/em>.\u2026<em> making enter the house the greatness of a magnificent place: the lake, with his movement, the Alps, with the miracle of the light<\/em>.\u201d <sup><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34331\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34331\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-34331\" title=\"Fotograf\u00eda casa en Corseaux-Vevey, hacia los Alpes   Fuente desconocida\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"948\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida.jpg 589w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Fotograf\u00eda-casa-en-Corseaux-Vevey-hacia-los-Alpes-Fuente-desconocida-196x300.jpg 196w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34331\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Photography marries in Corseaux-Vevey, towards the Alps | Unknown\u00a0 source<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This resource of fitting the landscape we find it in the villa Savoye, (latitude 48\u00b055 ` N, length 2\u00b001 ` E), when at the end of the ramp and of the whole promenade he arranges of a wall pierced like a window. In the terrace across this perforated wall, it appreciates the nature from a higher point, this is at the level of the glasses of the trees.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34328\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34328\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34328\" title=\"Terraza Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209.\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"409\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209..jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209.-300x197.jpg 300w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209.-160x105.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34328\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terrace in Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Someone was thinking that the placement of these windows is an act of God or isolated, since this way I did it, but when Le Corbusier inspect the season-tickets of trips, we see that, this resource is glimpsed by Jeanneret already in 1911, before at least that has constructed his famous works, this it testifies his drawings of trip to east, voyage where the young person Jeanneret explores the world observing it in an attentive and sharp way. For four years buildings and places dedicate to being studied, taking note, drawing, measuring, and questioning things.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Specifically in the sketch of the Ema&#8217;s Carthusian one, located in Florencia&#8217;s surroundings, at the end of the corridor in the cells of the monks, a window frames the landscape of toscana, this fact is registered and valued by the young person Jeanneret across the drawing, be obvious as the horizon of the mountains and his vertical one, the column of the corridor, they form an angle of 90 degrees, this sketch is accompanied by other one that consists of a plant of one of the cells of the Carthusian one where it plans an arrow with the word vue, this is, the sight from the high corridor of the cell, towards the tenuous reflection of the light of the valley, together with the sinuous profile of the Italian horizon, one notice that the point of the column in plant, this strong planned mind.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34335\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34335\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34335\" title=\"Terraza Villa Savoie. Le Corbusier Le Grand, Phaidon, New York, 2008. P. 209- Boceto de la planta de la Cartuja de Ema. Procedencia JEANNER\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"173\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-Villa-Savoie.-Le-Corbusier-Le-Grand-Phaidon-New-York-2008.-P.-209-Boceto-de-la-planta-de-la-Cartuja-de-Ema.-Procedencia-JEANNER-300x83.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34335\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Perspective of Carthusian towards horizon. Origin: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d &#8216; Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milan, 2002. Season-ticket 6.p.15 | Sketch of the plant of the Ema&#8217;s Carthusian one. Origin: JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d &#8216; Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milan, 2002. Season-ticket 6.p.13.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Other one of his sketches, registers this way of estimating the nature, sketch realized in his visit to the mount Athos, from his room of the hotel karyes in the sacred mountain, draws, to the right of his composition the mount, a vertical pyramid, vegetation in his skirts, and to the left side dress infinite towards the horizontal sea in rest, from his room, Jeanneret draws, thinks \u00a0\u201c<em>I possess what I see<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34327\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34327\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-de-monte-Athos-desde-el-hotel-Karyes.-Procedencia-JEANNERET-Ch.-Edouard-Voyage-d%e2%80%99-Orient-Carnets-Electraarchitecture-Foundation-L.C.-Mi.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34327\" title=\"Boceto de monte Athos desde el hotel Karyes. Procedencia JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Mi\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Boceto-de-monte-Athos-desde-el-hotel-Karyes.-Procedencia-JEANNERET-Ch.-Edouard-Voyage-d%e2%80%99-Orient-Carnets-Electraarchitecture-Foundation-L.C.-Mi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"360\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34327\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Sketch of mount Athos from the hotel Karyes. Origin:\u00a0JEANNERET, Ch.-Edouard, Voyage d\u2019 Orient Carnets, Electraarchitecture, Foundation L.C. Milano, 2002. Carnet 3 .p.53<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This sensibility, not only it is observed in his drawings, but also Voyage d&#8217;Orient is read in his notes registered in his book Him, published little before his death, the text registers the sharp impressions of his visit to the Athos.<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201c<em>The cypresses were black, the convent of the most delicate grey, the olive groves of greenish silver and the sky of a green crude oil invaded by violet come from the sea and from the white stars of the z\u00e9nit, which entered scene this mobile set which luminous ramp was going out\u2026<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The monastery of the Tourette at 1953 (latitude 45\u00b049 ` N, length 4\u00b037 ` E), is shaped by three blocks of cells that turn concerning a cloister, orientated each one eastward, South and West, the set is delimited in his front North by the church, this one closes the whole set as a great blind wall that it protects to the cloister of the cold winds of the North, with regard to the disposition of these blocks, there is something that always has been called me the attention, that is the separation that exists between the blocks of cells and the church, is something that even it makes small, it was not managing to guess fullly the definitive reason of this operation, there exist several motives of this separation, which I consider to be more powerful is to leave this emptiness in order that the same architecture fits the landscape, a seemingly innocent operation, which on having been so obvious, personally, had left her to overlook, but it is exactly there where the good architecture becomes present. The monastery of The Tourette, a device that stimulates the man to have a contemplative approximation towards the nature and the landscape, of a silent way, of meditation, is precisely what stimulates the monks, to thinking about the place in which they live. The space between the church and other dependences they frame the landscape of a monumental way for his size, (let&#8217;s remember the small windows in both previous projects). Architectural elements as: the balcony, the \u201c<em><\/em>sub-machine guns of light\u201d of the sacristy, the ramp, the chimney, and the bridge in the terrace, create a strong sculptural composition, between natural landscape and constructed landscape.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34326\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34326\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-34326\" title=\"Monasterio de la Tourette  fondationlecorbusier.fr\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"897\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_.jpg 622w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Monasterio-de-la-Tourette-fondationlecorbusier.fr_-207x300.jpg 207w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34326\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">The monastery of the Tourette | fondationlecorbusier.fr<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The first outline of architecture begins with the man and his attitude with regard to the geographical situation in the one that lives. Choosing the place there is committed the criminal or valid act of the architecture. Being aware of how it is his topography, the horizon, the cyclical tour of the Sun in the course of the day, Le Corbusier takes project decisions. Horizon, solar orientation and topography are local factors that expect to be projected and vivenciados. In this case, Le Corbusier takes these local elements to plan them as part of the project.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34325\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34325\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34325\" title=\"Tourette-Copan\" src=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Tourette-Copan-300x167.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34325\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terrace in The monastery of the Tourette. Origin: COPANS, Richard, Le couvent de la Tourette, video.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">If we give revision to the book It Brings over of the Purism of Ozenfant and Jeanneret, in the page sixty eight, they were admitting as a value of the art the being capable of perceiving the order of the nature\u00a0\u201c<em>One of the major delights of the human spirit is to perceive the order of the nature and to measure his own participation in the order of the things; there looks like the work of art to us that it is a work of arrangement, a masterpiece of human order.<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/sup> This way, the Monastery of the Tourette takes position with regard to the world, his architecture they turn into the measure that it makes measurable and therefore valuably to the geography, and to the landscape, it allows to his inhabitant to admit the order of the nature and to measure his participation in this order. Everything starts receiving sense when we inspect other works of Le Corbusier.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The key of his architecture? A device, to do to the commensurable, valuable landscape, since\u00a0<em>\u201c\u2026 the omnipresent landscape on all the fronts, omnipotent, ends up by tiring \u2026 have you observed that in such conditions one does not look at him any more? In order that the landscape is had in account it is necessary to limit it \u2026\u201d<\/em> <sup><sup>[5]<\/sup><\/sup>, and this way it is done, in the pavilion L&#8217;Esprit Nouveau of 1924, by the department Beistegui of 1929, in the Unit\u00e9 d&#8217;habitation of Marseilles of 1945, in the Monastery of the Tourette of 1953, his architecture intensifies the experience of the spectator towards the landscape, the key, a high wall, after him the city hides itself, wing you see that this wall does of base for the spectacle of the distant horizon, the mountains, the clouds, the luminosity of the sky from the dawn up to the late afternoon, with all his colors. To be in the terrace of the Unit\u00e9 of Marseilles is to be in the cover of the transatlantic one beached on the banks of Marseilles, between the sea and the mountains. How many persons pay for a cruise every year, being able to live in one? In the terrace, removed from the noise of the city, rest, the Sun, space, air, theatre, scattering, sport.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_34324\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-34324\" style=\"width: 620px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><a href=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-34324\" title=\"Terraza de la Unit\u00e9 de Marsella   Fotograf\u00eda Akihito Morita   panoramio.com\" src=\"http:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"620\" height=\"415\" srcset=\"https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_.jpg 620w, https:\/\/veredes.es\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/09\/Terraza-de-la-Unit\u00e9-de-Marsella-Fotograf\u00eda-Akihito-Morita-panoramio.com_-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 620px) 100vw, 620px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-34324\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><span style=\"color: #888888;\">Terrace in the Unit\u00e9 of Marseilles | Photography:\u00a0Akihito Morita | panoramio.com<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>\u201cI believe that at least once in the life the man should concentrate his mind in the recollection of the land. It should submit to a landscape of his life. Especially, about looking at it from so many angles since could, wonder it brings over of this one, to dwell in him \u2026 I am interested in the way in which a man looks at a certain landscape and takes possession of this one in his body and in his mind<\/em>\u201d <sup><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/sup><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Santiago Carvajal. architect<\/p>\n<p>Cuenca (Ecuador). september 2013<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Notes:<\/p>\n<p>1. BALTAN\u00c1S, Jos\u00e9, Le Corbusier, promenades,<\/p>\n<p>Gustavo Gili, Barcelona 2005.p.37<\/p>\n<p>2. Ibidem.p.38<\/p>\n<p>3. JEANNERET, Charles Edouard, Le Voyage d\u00b4Orient,<\/p>\n<p>Colegio oficial de aparejadores y arquitectos t\u00e9cnicos de Madrid, 1984. Extracto p. 145<\/p>\n<p>4. OZENFANT, Am\u00e9d\u00e9e, JEANNERET, Charles Edouard, Acerca del Purismo escritos1918-1926,<\/p>\n<p>Madrid, El croquis editorial, 1993, p. 68.<\/p>\n<p>5. BALTAN\u00c1S, Jos\u00e9, le corbusier, promenades,<\/p>\n<p>Gustavo Gili, Barcelona 2005.p.37<\/p>\n<p>[:]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[:es] El siguiente texto nace de la inquietud generada a partir de la revisi\u00f3n entrometida a dos proyectos de Le Corbusier: La peque\u00f1a casa en Corseaux-Vevey de 1923 y la villa Savoye de 1928, me he preguntado el por qu\u00e9 la colocaci\u00f3n de muros y ventanas en donde aparentemente no hace falta, la una en [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":34331,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5934,5951],"tags":[8415,7089,147,6474,5971,2298,659,8663,6637,785,977,2066,6194,8661,1286,2799,5771],"class_list":["post-34316","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-articulos","category-slider-principal","tag-amedee-ozenfant","tag-arquitectura-francesa","tag-arquitectura-moderna","tag-articulo","tag-charles-edouard-jeanneret","tag-dibujar","tag-habitar","tag-jose-baltanas","tag-lesprit-nouveau","tag-le-corbusier","tag-paisaje","tag-proyectar","tag-purismo","tag-santiago-carvajal-ochoa","tag-territorio","tag-topografia","tag-vitruvio"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>El dispositivo muro-ventana | Santiago Carvajal<\/title>\n<meta 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